Utility of p16ink4a Immunocytochemistry in Liquid-Based Cytology Specimens from Women Treated for High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions

p16INK4a immunostaining in cytological and histological specimens from the uterine cervix: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Quantitative criteria (i.e. the number of stained cells) were evaluated in 12 reports (57, 60, 61, 63, 67, 68, 70, 72, 75, 78, 79, 81), whereas both quantitative and qualitative parameters (i.e. morphological cytological features) were assessed in nine studies (56, 58, 62, 66, 69, 71, 73, 80, 82) (Table 3).…”

Stability of DNA, RNA, cytomorphology, and immunoantigenicity in Residual ThinPrep® Specimens

“…Thus, specimens preserved in alcohol-based fixatives may produce better results than formalin-fixed materials, which is important for molecular studies that depend on high quality samples to obtain the best results. The increased use of LBP residual materials in different types of research, including morphological and molecular studies, has led to a greater need for evaluating LBP sample quality (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). There have been several reports regarding the quality of LBP samples with respect to RNA, DNA, or immunohistochemistry with or without examination of morphological changes in limited specimens (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Use of Liquid-Based Cytology (LBC) and Cell Blocks from Cell Remnants for Cytologic, Immunohistochemical, and Immunocytochemical Diagnosis of Malignancy

“…The LBC method is currently used for uterine cervical cancer screening [2,3,25,26] with immunocytochemical detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) and positivity of p16 INK4a [13,27]. We [19] and other researchers [18,28,29] have reported that cell block sections from residual SurePath or ThinPrep samples and other LBC samples including aspirates and body fluids are helpful with certain problematic cases, such as metastatic tumor of unknown origin and lesions need to be differential diagnosis.…”

“…The sensitivities of the conventional Pap smear and LBC tests are estimated to be 70% -80% and 85% -95%, respectively [9]. LBC is currently recommended for cervical cancer screening [10] with a major advantage of allowing ancillary techniques such as those used in immunocytochemistry and molecular biology [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Cell blocks made from cell or tissue remnants of LBC can also be used for immunocytochemistry or immunohistochemistry of specific biomarkers to accurate diagnosis of malignancy [16][17][18][19].…”