Utilization of Agro-Industrial Wastes for the Production of Quality Oyster Mushrooms

Abstract

The objective of this study was to utilize agro-lignocellulosic wastes for growing oyster mushroom which become problematic for disposal. Pleurotus ostreatus was cultivated on five agro-industrial wastes: rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), corncobs (CC), saw dust and rice husk @ 3:1 (SR) and sugarcane bagasse (SB). Approximately 500 g sized polypropylene bags (20.32 × 30.48 cm) were used for each substrate. The SR significantly improved the number of fruiting body (27.80), size of the fruiting body (5.39 g), yield (115.13 g/packet), ash and shortened the days for stimulation to primordial initiation and harvest (9.2 days). The maximum percentage of visual mycelium growth with the least time (15.0 days) to complete the mycelium running was found in SB, whereas the highest biological efficiency value (56.5) was calculated in SR. The topmost value of total sugar (33.20%) and ash (10.87 g/100 g) were recorded in WS, whereas the utmost amount of protein (6.87 mg/100 g) and total polyphenolics (196.88 mg GAE/100 g) were detected from SB and SR, respectively. Overall SR gave the highest amount of the fruiting body with the topmost polyphenols and ash, moderate protein and total sugar, and secured maximum biological efficiency too. The results demonstrate that saw dust with rice husk could be used as an easy alternative substrate for oyster mushroom cultivation.

Nanostructured Biopolymers for Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…These are considering as environmental friendly, abundant in nature and cost-effective materials. The combination and polymerization with bio-based materials including cellulose, starch, chitosan, and alginate to hybridized of bio-polymer composites are essential for improvement of surface properties of materials and subsequently bio-polymer materials could be used afar of the customary applications of scientific fields including biomedical applications [3,18,22].…”

“…Recently, nanocellulose based biopolymers were evaluated as the prospective bio-materials for dressing of wounded cell as because of their improving proliferation due to high surface to volume ratio, as well as replace and repairing capacity of damaged tissues [1][2][3][4][5].…”

“…Nanostructured materials are considering the one of the best alternative materials due to their exciting surface properties including surface chemistry, surface area, and selectivity Nanoparticles are reported as the efficient and they are capable to making bridge between pristine and composite within the nanometre range [1][2][3][4][5]. Among other nanostructured materials, the polymeric materials are owing great interest to increase the capabilities of other bioactive molecules in a material [6].…”

Versatile Applications Of Biopolymer Nanocomposites: A review

“…Different forms of carbohydrates, including starch and cellulose, as well as other polysaccharides, along with alginates and pectin, in addition to their mixtures with animal‐protein‐primarily based biopolymers, which include silk, wooden, gelatin, collagen, chitosan/chitin, gums, plant‐based proteins, and lipids provide the opportunity of rendering exciting advantages for that advanced field of applied sciences and technologies [8–12] . All those biopolymers offer exciting advantages in their use, along with their renewable features, biocompatibility, non‐toxicity, non‐polluting traits, mechanical integrity, and economically low‐cost material [13–15] . The growth inside the use of biopolymers has triggered that their worldwide market is predicted to attain around 10 billion US Dollars by using 2021, growing using almost 17 % over the forecast period 2017–2021.…”

Nanostructured Aerogel Materials for removal of Antibiotic from Contaminated Environment: A Review

“…Rapid increasing rate of population growth and subsequent amassed demands of modernizationandcomfort, healthy and quality life of human being is prompts to rising pollutants including antibiotics in our environment [1][2][3][4][5]. Concurrently, demanded huge rate of pharmaceuticals (antibiotic, analgesics and hormones), pesticides and drugs are producing and subsequently discharging of intractable toxicants into the environment is prompts to rising of pollutants of environment including water [6][7][8].…”