Utilization of Antiepileptic Drugs in Hong Kong Children

Reproductive toxicity after levetiracetam administration in male rats: Evidence for role of hormonal status and oxidative stress

“…Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic drug that is frequently used in the treatment of epilepsy during childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, and adulthood periods [10, 11]. Although LEV is the first-line drug in the treatment of different types of epilepsy, there is insufficient data on the effects of this new-generation antiepileptic [4].…”

Trends in Antiepileptic Drug Prescriptions for Childhood Epilepsy at a Tertiary Children’s Hospital in Korea, 2001–2012

“…A multinational study also showed that older AEDs were favored over newer AEDs in Italy, the Netherlands, and the UK in 2005 [7]. Older AEDs still remained the dominant epilepsy treatment in 2009 in Singapore [16], and only 22.2 % of patients used new AEDs in 2005-2009 in Hong Kong [15]. Only 16 % of the Fig.…”

“…A cohort study from UK family practice in 2008 showed that valproic acid was most commonly prescribed, followed by lamotrigine and levetiracetam in patients 0-14 years of age [11]. Data from Hong Kong also showed that 82.3 % of patients used either valproic acid or carbamazepine and that topiramate, levetiracetam, and lamotrigine were used in around 7 % of patients [15]. In Singapore, valproic acid (comprising approximately 40 % of the total AED usage), carbamazepine, and phenobarbital were most commonly prescribed in 2000-2009.…”

“…Several epidemiological studies have evaluated AED prescribing patterns in adult and pediatric populations and reported different trends in the use of second-generation AEDs [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Prescription patterns have been evaluated most actively in European countries [3-5, 7-13, 17-19], whereas few studies have reported on AED utilization in large pediatric epilepsy cohorts in Asian countries [15,16]. AED prescribing patterns, particularly with respect to newer AED use in children, vary among countries due to differences in health care systems, AED availability, medication costs, reimbursement systems, epilepsy treatment guidelines, prescribing habits, and other unknown reasons [7].…”

Interaction profile of Zizyphus jujuba with phenytoin, phenobarbitone, and carbamazepine in maximal electroshock‐induced seizures in rats

“…Recently, we have shown the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of fruit of Z. jujuba against pentylenetetrazole and maximal electroshock-induced seizures, oxidative stress, and cognitive impairment in rats [8]. Phenytoin, phenobarbitone, and carbamazepine are the first line drugs used for the management of generalized tonic-clonic seizures [12,13]. The safety and efficacy profile of these drugs are well documented.…”