Utilization of Electric Vehicles and Their Used Batteries for Peak-Load Shifting

Aziz, Muhammad; Oda, Takuya; Mitani, T.; Watanabe, Yoko; Kashiwagi, Takao

doi:10.3390/en8053720

Cited by 110 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Both battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle loads (PHEVs) have been presented by considering the effect on vehicle-to-grid. (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) power curves in terms of power demand [5]. The different level of penetration of BEVs and EVs will be directly impacted by the power demand response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis

Kongjeen

Bhumkittipich

2018

Energies

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This paper proposes the impact of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) integrated into a power distribution system based on voltage-dependent control. The gasolinegate situation has many people turning to electric vehicles as a more environmentally friendly option, especially in smart community areas. The advantage of PEVs is modern vehicles that can use several types of fuel cells and batteries as energy sources. The proposed PEVs model was developed as a static load model in power distribution systems under balanced load conditions. The power flow analysis was determined by using certain parameters of the proposed electrical network. The main research objective was to determine the voltage magnitude profiles, the load voltage deviation, and total power losses of the electrical power system by using the new proposed methodology. Furthermore, it investigated the effects of the constant power load, the constant current load, the constant impedance load, and the plug-in electric vehicles load model. The IEEE 33 bus system was selected as the test system. The proposed methodology assigned the balanced load types in a steady state condition and used the new methodology to solve the power flow problem. The simulation results showed that increasing the plug-in electric vehicles load had an impact on the grids when compared with the other four load types. The lowest increased value for the plug-in electric vehicles load had an effect on the load voltage deviation (0.062), the total active power loss (120 kW) and the total reactive power loss (80 kVar), respectively. Therefore, this study verified that the load of PEVs can affect the electrical power system according to the time charging and charger position. Therefore, future work could examine the difference caused when PEVs are attached to the electrical power system by means of the conventional or complex load type.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis

Kongjeen

Bhumkittipich

2018

Energies

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“…Locment et al [19] presented an evaluation on PV micro-grid power architecture for efficient charging of plug-in EVs from the aspects of theoretical and numerical. Aziz's [20] studies showed that the application of EVs and used EV batteries in supporting certain small-scale energy management systems is feasible. From this perspective, storage facilities must be provided to reduce the possibility of abandoned electricity given that EVs can provide storage capacity [21].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of a Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station Model

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2015

Energies

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In China, the power sector is currently the largest carbon emitter and the transportation sector is the fastest-growing carbon emitter. This paper proposes a model of solar-powered charging stations for electric vehicles to mitigate problems encountered in China's renewable energy utilization processes and to cope with the increasing power demand by electric vehicles for the near future. This study applies the proposed model to Shenzhen City to verify its technical and economic feasibility. Modeling results showed that the total net present value of a photovoltaic power charging station that meets the daily electricity demand of 4500 kWh is $3,579,236 and that the cost of energy of the combined energy system is $0.098/kWh. In addition, the photovoltaic powered electric vehicle model has pollutant reduction potentials of 99.8%, 99.7% and 100% for carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, respectively, compared with a traditional gasoline-fueled car. Sensitivity analysis results indicated that interest rate has a relatively strong influence on COE (Cost of Energy). An increase in the interest rate from 0% to 6% increases COE from $0.027/kWh to $0.097/kWh. This analysis also suggests that carbon pricing promotes renewable energy only when the price of carbon is above $20/t.

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“…The development and use of electric vehicles (EVs) are widely considered as one of the solutions for energy-saving and emission-reduction in the world [1][2][3]. With the large-scale adoption of EVs on expressways, building fast-charging stations (CSs) (with CS planning technology [4]) will be necessary for people to drive the cars for a long distance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Price-Based Charging Strategy for Electric Vehicles on Expressways

et al. 2016

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Abstract:With the large-scale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) on expressways, the exploration of a guiding-based charging method to effectively adjust interactions between EVs and the fast charging stations (CSs) is urgently needed. This paper proposes a status-of-use (SOU) price-based charging strategy that can motivate users to charge in advance. A queuing model for a CS cluster was established to verify the effectiveness of the strategy, and then a simulation of traveling and charging conditions of 12,000 pure EVs on the road network from 0:00 to 24:00 was performed according to the related data and using the Monte Carlo method, the Floyd-Warshall algorithm, and the queuing algorithm proposed in this paper. Compared to unordered charging (UC), SOU price-based charging can not only reduce the charging cost and waiting time for users, but also increase the utilization ratio of charging facilities in a CS cluster and thus lower their influence on the power grid and expressway traffic. SOU price-based charging can effectively adjust interactions between EVs and CSs.

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Utilization of Electric Vehicles and Their Used Batteries for Peak-Load Shifting

Cited by 110 publications

References 22 publications

Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis

Impact of Plug-in Electric Vehicles Integrated into Power Distribution System Based on Voltage-Dependent Power Flow Analysis

Feasibility Study of a Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station Model

A Study on Price-Based Charging Strategy for Electric Vehicles on Expressways

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