Utilization of wastewater‐grown zooplankton: Nutritional quality of zooplankton and performance of silver perch Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell 1838) (Teraponidae) fed on wastewater‐grown zooplankton

Abstract

Zooplankton grow in the last stage of water puri®cation at the Werribee Sewage Treatment Lagoons (WSTL) and the resource is huge and unutilized. Daphnia carinata and Moina australiensis are the dominant species at the WSTL. The protein content of D. carinata and M. australiensis was 54.80% and 64.80%, respectively. Analysis of zooplankton showed that both essential and nonessential amino acids were present at a level that was higher than control diet. Silver perch fed on D. carinata exhibited better growth, better food conversion ratio (FCR), protein eciency ratio (PER) and apparent net protein utilization (ANPU), which were not signi®cantly dierent from the control diet (P > 0.05). Heavy metals concentrations were at very low levels in ®sh fed on wastewater-grown zooplankton.

The ability of selected cladoceran species to utilize domestic wastewaters in Mexico City

“…An important aspect generally considered for growing zooplankton is the nutritional quality. Although not considered here, recent studies have shown that zooplankton grown on domestic wastes have nutritional quality comparable to those raised on green algae (Kibria et al, 1999). Our results showed that depending on the level of wastewater treatment, some of the tested cladoceran species are capable of growing at the same rate as those fed on conventionally used green algal food.…”

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“…The present study showed that the amino acids contents in WMZ of Ukkadam were do minated by valine, lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, in a similar order agreed with pioneer research works (Santhanam, 2002;Rajku mar, Santhanam, & Peru mal, 2004;Ashok Prabu, Peru mal, & Rajku mar, 2005;Perumal, Rajkumar, & Santhanam, 2009). The amino acids composition of mixed zooplankton fro m different lakes had a relatively similar essential and non-essential amino acids composition and the relative amount was higher than previously reported (Yurkowski & Tabachek, 1979;Watanabe et al, 1983;Kibria et al, 1999), which might be due to the mixed co mmunity of zooplankton. Amino acid profile of plan kton is generally genetically programmed than diet related.…”

“…Lipid content in mixed zooplankton fro m two lakes varied fro m 17.10 to 18.03% wet matter and dry matter was inversely related to water temperature, which is in agreement with the findings of Jana & Manna (1993). The lipid content in freshwater zooplankton is known to have considerable importance (Vijverberg & Frank 1976) and might be influenced by a seasonal succession of phytoplankton species or source of food fed by zooplankton ( Proulex & de la Nove, 1985;Kibria, Nugegoda, Fairclough, Lam, & Bradbv, 1999). In the p resent study, lipid content was lo wer than that of protein and carbohydrate.…”

A review of potential methods for zooplankton control in wastewater treatment High Rate Algal Ponds and algal production raceways

“…Although the use of a rapid zooplankton removal method is the priority in the event of blooms, the regular use of a non-disruptive removal and recovery method is a preferred approach. Zooplankton have high nutritional value and if harvested from the HRAP system could be used for feed in freshwater aquaculture [136,137], or as a source of chitin, proteins and oil for cosmetic and food industries [138][139][140]. The production of valuable zooplankton biomass from HRAP systems could provide a further benefit to the process.…”