Utilization of ZeoliticWaste in Alkali-Activated Biomass Bottom Ash Blends

Vaičiukynienė, Danutė; Nizevičienė, Dalia; Mikelionienė, Agnė; Radzevičius, Algirdas

doi:10.3390/molecules25133053

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Geopolymers are favored with respect to crystalline zeolite when Si:Al > 1.5. This limit has been empirically established [ 1 , 12 ] yet addition of SiO 2 [ 13 ] or SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 -rich fillers/additives [ 14 , 15 ] helps to increase such Si:Al ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Introduction of Reactive Fillers and Metakaolin in Waste Clay-Based Materials for Geopolymerization Processes

Sgarlata

Formia²,

Ferrari³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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In this study, the role of two reactive fillers, specifically a sand from a clay washing process as an alternative to waste glass powder and a commercial metakaolin (MK), into the geopolymerization process of waste clay-based materials was assessed. Three kinds of clayey wastes from mining operations—halloysitic, kaolinitic and smectitic clays—were tested as potential precursor of geopolymeric materials in view of a potential valorisation of these by-products. A mix-design based on the addition of low percentages (20%) of these fillers or MK to improve the mechanical and chemico-physical properties of geopolymeric formulations was evaluated. All the clays were thermally treated at a temperature of 650 °C, while the geopolymeric pastes were cured at room temperature. In particular, the chemical stability in water (pH and ionic conductivity of leachate water, weight loss), the variations in the microstructure (XRD, SEM), and in the mechanical performance (compressive strength) were analysed. The most reactive additive was MK, followed by sand and waste glass at very similar levels—1:1 or 2:1—depending upon the type of the clay but not strictly related to the clay type. The increase of geopolymeric gel densification due to the presence of MK and sand was replaced by a crack deflection mechanism in the case of the WG grains. The worst performance (chemical stability and mechanical properties) was found for the halloysitic clay, while kaolinitic and smectitic clays developed strengths slightly below 30 MPa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Introduction of Reactive Fillers and Metakaolin in Waste Clay-Based Materials for Geopolymerization Processes

Sgarlata

Formia²,

Ferrari³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…The absorption bands at 1098, 798, and 470 cm −1 are assigned to the asymmetric Si-O-Si stretch, the symmetric Si-O-Si stretch, and Si-O-Si deformation, respectively [14]. The bands at 875 and 1445 cm −1 are attributed to the presence of carbonate (CO3 2− ) vibrations [15]. The bands in the 2365 and 2338 cm −1 range are attributed to the stretching of adsorbed CO2 [16,17].…”

Section: Adsorbent Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sheep Dung Ash as a Low-Cost Adsorbent for the Reduction of COD of Highly Polluted Oilfield-Produced Water

Abbas

Abboudy

Abdelkader

2022

Water

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Herein, we introduce a low-cost, available, renewable, and effective solid adsorbent used for oilfield-produced-water treatment using a straightforward treatment process. In the present study, sheep dung ash was prepared using the same way this waste is produced in rural areas when sheep dung is used as a source of energy for cooking and heating: by burning sheep dung with a direct flame. The prepared ash was characterized using FTIR, EDX, and SEM analysis techniques. The feasibility of the ash as a low-cost, available, renewable, and effective adsorbent for reducing the COD of oilfield-produced water with the initial COD of 21,600 mg/L was investigated. The effect of adsorbent dose, contact time (in hours and days), initial pH value, and initial COD value on the efficiency of sheep dung ash in COD adsorption was examined at room temperature. With shaking, the maximum capacity of sheep dung ash for COD reduction was found to be 71.8% at an adsorbent dosage of 30 g/L, an initial pH of 7, and a contact time of 1 h. Without shaking, a maximum capacity of 75% for COD reduction was obtained at an adsorbent dosage of 30 g/L, an initial pH of 7, and a contact time of 4 days. By applying the experimental results on Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption, it was found that the adsorption process of COD causing molecules follows both Langmuir and Freundlich models.

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“…It is reported that biomass ash contains high amount of heavy metals, such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), etc. [27][28][29]. Therefore, under the pressure to minimise environmental loads, the disposal of some hazardous biomass ash has been listed and highlighted in the agenda.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workability and environmental evaluation of using sunflower stalk ash (SSA) as an alkali activator with blast furnace slag (BFS) and black rice hull ash (BRHA) to prepare geopolymer grouts

Zhu,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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To solve the problem of environmental pollution from stockpiling of solid waste and to achieve safe and efficient underground engineering, an environment-friendly waste-based ternary geopolymer grout was developed using BFS, SSA, and BRHA. KOH-activated grouts were used as the controls. The applicability of grouts with different SSA additions was also investigated. The results showed that the 28-day compressive strength of SSA-activated grout reached 24.31 MPa, which exceeded that of the control group by 163.7%. Potassium and calcium salts, such as fairchildite and magnesium potassium silicate, in SSA promoted the formation of C(K)-A-S-H and C-S-H gels. The carbon emissions calculated from global warming potential in the life cycle assessment of the SSA system were 83.5% lower than those of KOH. The leaching results showed that the concentration of all heavy metals dropped below 0.02 mg/L after 28 days of solidification. The immobilization efficiencies of Cr, Pb, and Zn exceeded 98.65%, indicating the considerable immobilization ability of the SSA-activated grout and that it can be used safely in further applications. These findings support the treatment of solid waste resources and preparation of high-performance grouts for underground engineering.

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Utilization of ZeoliticWaste in Alkali-Activated Biomass Bottom Ash Blends

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of the Introduction of Reactive Fillers and Metakaolin in Waste Clay-Based Materials for Geopolymerization Processes

Effect of the Introduction of Reactive Fillers and Metakaolin in Waste Clay-Based Materials for Geopolymerization Processes

Sheep Dung Ash as a Low-Cost Adsorbent for the Reduction of COD of Highly Polluted Oilfield-Produced Water

Workability and environmental evaluation of using sunflower stalk ash (SSA) as an alkali activator with blast furnace slag (BFS) and black rice hull ash (BRHA) to prepare geopolymer grouts

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