Utilizing eye movements: Overcoming inaccuracy while tracking the focus of attention during reading

Hyrskykari, Aulikki

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2005.12.013

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Calibration Mechanism: There is a need to account for error in recorded gaze location as it has been documented that eye trackers can lose precision during periods of use (Hyrskykari, 2006). We propose using the calibration techniques described by Hyrskykari (2006).…”

Section: Adaptive Text Presentation Based On Eye Gazementioning

confidence: 98%

Framework for Dynamic Text Presentation in eLearning

Copeland

Gedeon

Caldwell

2014

Procedia Computer Science

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We present the framework of an eLearning environment that can adapt to a student's reading behaviour by dynamically selecting and presenting text-based learning material. The student's eye gaze would be used to predict their comprehension level and the text difficulty will be altered to reflect this. This can be used to influence how students interact with the learning environment as well as how they learn the material, streamlining the learning process and optimising learning outcomes. For this framework to be viable two aspects of the design must be feasible; the first is that reading comprehension can be predicted from the reader's eye movements and the second is that changing text difficulty has an effect on learning behaviour. We present preliminary results from a study investigating the latter aspect that supports this claim.

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Section: Adaptive Text Presentation Based On Eye Gazementioning

confidence: 98%

Framework for Dynamic Text Presentation in eLearning

Copeland

Gedeon

Caldwell

2014

Procedia Computer Science

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“…In iDict several sources of information are used to make the detection of comprehension difficulties as accurate as possible. To compensate for the inherent inaccuracy of eye tracking the measured point of gaze is algorithmically corrected [31]. An 'index of difficulty' in comprehending words in a piece of text is defined based on metrics associated with gaze behaviour [32].…”

Section: Detecting Reading Comprehension Difficultiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attentive interfaces for users with disabilities: eye gaze for intention and uncertainty estimation

Prendinger

Hyrskykari

Nakayama

et al. 2009

Univ Access Inf Soc

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Attentive user interfaces (AUIs) capitalize on the rich information that can be obtained from users' gaze behavior in order to infer relevant aspects of their cognitive state. Not only is eye gaze an excellent clue to states of interest and intention, but also to preference and confidence in comprehension. AUIs are built with the aim of adapting the interface to the user's current information need, and thus reduce workload of interaction. Given those characteristics, it is believed that AUIs can have particular benefits for users with severe disabilities, for whom operating a physical device (like a mouse pointer) might be very strenuous or infeasible. This paper presents three studies that attempt to gauge uncertainty and intention on the part of the user from gaze data, and compare the success of each approach. The paper discusses how the application of the approaches adopted in each study to user interfaces can support users with severe disabilities.

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“…al 1996;Lankford 2000;Ashmore and Duchowski 2005;Kumar et al 2007], using semantic information acquired from the application to correct the inaccuracy, e.g. [Salvucci and Anderson 2000;Beymer et al 2005;Hyrskykari 2006] or using additional operations to refine the inaccurate gaze point, e.g. [Zhai et al 1999;Yamato et al 2000;Miniotas et al 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snap clutch, a moded approach to solving the Midas touch problem

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Hyrskykari

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research &Amp; Applications - ETRA '08

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This paper proposes a simple approach to an old problem, that of the 'Midas Touch'. This uses modes to enable different types of mouse behavior to be emulated with gaze and by using gestures to switch between these modes. A light weight gesture is also used to switch gaze control off when it is not needed, thereby removing a major cause of the problem. The ideas have been trialed in Second Life, which is characterized by a feature-rich of set of interaction techniques and a 3D graphical world. The use of gaze with this type of virtual community is of great relevance to severely disabled people as it can enable them to be in the community on a similar basis to able-bodied participants.The assumption here though is that this group will use gaze as a single modality and that dwell will be an important selection technique. The Midas Touch Problem needs to be considered in the context of fast dwell-based interaction. The solution proposed here, Snap Clutch, is incorporated into the mouse emulator software. The user trials reported here show this to be a very promising way in dealing with some of the interaction problems that users of these complex interfaces face when using gaze by dwell.

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Utilizing eye movements: Overcoming inaccuracy while tracking the focus of attention during reading

Cited by 45 publications

References 13 publications

Framework for Dynamic Text Presentation in eLearning

Framework for Dynamic Text Presentation in eLearning

Attentive interfaces for users with disabilities: eye gaze for intention and uncertainty estimation

Snap clutch, a moded approach to solving the Midas touch problem

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