1999
DOI: 10.3402/polar.v18i2.6594
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UV-B susceptibility and photoprotection of Arctic Daphnia morphotypes

Abstract: UV-B tolerance and susceptibility of high Arctic morphotypes of tte Daphnia pulexl D. tenebrosa complex were assessed by in situ experiments at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard (79"N). Animals from local ponds were exposed to ambient light plus additional UV-B from lamps in a greenhouse facility. Taxonomic affinities did not appear as major determinants of UV susceptibility, but a major difference in UV-B tolerance was seen between morphotypes with pigmented carapaces and those without, the latter being far more susceptib… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Daphnia that coexist with visual predators typically have diminished melanin pigmentation, even in high-UVR habitats [23], but our small study ponds do not contain such predators. Melanin pigmentation is protective of UVR in both laboratory and field conditions [36,37], but carries a growth-rate cost [36] and requires induction by UVR [23,38,43]. Although our populations can synthesize melanin (like all Daphnia, they deposit melanin in the eye and in the ephippium encasing diapausing eggs), the genetic pathways required to develop concentrated pigmentation in the carapace could be missing.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Daphnia that coexist with visual predators typically have diminished melanin pigmentation, even in high-UVR habitats [23], but our small study ponds do not contain such predators. Melanin pigmentation is protective of UVR in both laboratory and field conditions [36,37], but carries a growth-rate cost [36] and requires induction by UVR [23,38,43]. Although our populations can synthesize melanin (like all Daphnia, they deposit melanin in the eye and in the ephippium encasing diapausing eggs), the genetic pathways required to develop concentrated pigmentation in the carapace could be missing.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Whereas the D. magna clone originated from a rock pool population and had been kept in the laboratory for years, the D. tenebrosa clone was raised from a shallow and highly UV-exposed arctic population (Brandallaguna at Svalbard, cf. Hessen et al 1999) 2 months prior to the experiments. Taxonomic affinities of D. tenebrosa, a member of the formerly labeled ''Arctic D. pulex complex'' was revealed by 12 C mtDNA sequencing ).…”
Section: Notesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although DOC can generate a potential screen effect against UV radiation (De los Rios 2004, 2005a, it is possible that the interactions between UV radiation and DOC generate oxidants and free radicals (Reche et al 1998). This possibility was investigated in field studies in the northern hemisphere by Hessen et al(1999) who revealed the dual role of substances such as melanine, mycosporine like aminoacids or carotenoids: their protective role against UV radiation and antioxidant role to avoid the damage generated by free radicals originating from the interaction between UV radiation and DOC. Nevertheless, the effect caused by free radicals was not observed in the present study, because low mortality at high DOC concentration was denoted (Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%