V.–the Morphology and Physiology of the Nucleolus

Ludford, R. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1922.tb01147.x

Cited by 39 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In other amphibians, instead of discrete basophilic yolk nuclei arising before secondary yolk formation, a perinuclear basophilic ring is formed. Many yolk nuclei disappear after the beginning of yolk synthesis (7,9,12,14,16,18,23,25) although others persist into early embryonic stages (42,44,45). They universally arise, however, before viteUogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopy of Basophilic Structures of Some Invertebrate Oocytes

Rebhun

1956

The Journal of Cell Biology

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RNA containing yolk nuclei from the surf clam Spisula solidissima have been studied with the light microscope and with the electron microscope. A variety of structures can be seen with both and a correlation can be made between bodies studied with the electron microscope and those studied with the light microscope. The electron microscope shows many of these structures to be composed of double walled lamellae arranged in space, in various ways. The variety of patterns seen with the electron microscope can be satisfactorily explained on the basis of a hypothetical model. The presence of yolk platelets within the yolk nuclei lends support to classical observations on the synthesis of yolk within yolk nuclei or yolk nuclei derivatives. Small granules (about 100 A) are included within the double walled lamellae and their presence probably accounts for the basophilic nature of the entire body. The presence of small granules attached to electron-dense layers relates the yolk nuclei described here to ergastoplasm discussed by others.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopy of Basophilic Structures of Some Invertebrate Oocytes

Rebhun

1956

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…The use of micro cultures permitted 189 THE NUCLEOLUS in plant and animal cells has been the subject of many cytological studies since its discovery by Fontana in 1871. Major review articles on the nucleolus include those by Montgomery (1898), Ludford (1922), Dermen (1933), Gates (1942), Stockinger (1953), Vincent (1955), Brachet (1957), Swift (1959), Sirlin (1962) and Busch, Byvoet and Smetana (1963). Reports by Woods and Taylor (1959), Sirlin (1960) and Leblond and Amano (1962) indicated that ribonucleic acid (RNA) first accumulates in the nucleolus and then moves rapidly from the nucleolus to the cytoplasm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Behavior of Nucleoli and Contracting Nucleolar Vacuoles in Tobacco Cells Growing in Microculture

Johnson

Jones

1967

American J of Botany

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The ability to observe for extended periods of time individual tobacco cells growing in microculture has made it possible to describe the behavior of their nucleoli and contracting nucleolar vacuoles. Nucleoli typically disappeared in prophase and reappeared in telophase. If several nucleoli were present in telophase they generally fused to form only one or two during interphase. In one instance a nucleolus was seen to separate into two nucleoli prior to disappearance in late prophase. In aging and senescent cells the number of nucleoli or bodies similar to normal nucleoli often increased, and occasionally fragmentation of nucleoli was noted prior to death of cells. Budding of solid material from the nucleolus was also observed. The amount of nucleolar material decreased rapidly prior to death of tobacco cells. Nucleolar vacuoles were found to be a general and consistent component of tobacco cells in microculture. Nucleolar vacuoles typically formed and contracted repeatedly in interphase nuclei and apparently released a fluid material into the nucleus. Associated with the contraction of the nucleolar vacuoles was a corresponding decrease in diameter of the nucleolus. Nucleolar vacuoles were observed to occur in about 70% of the actively growing cells examined, whereas they were present in only 33% of the senescent or weakened cells. These data indicate a relationship between nucleolar vacuoles and the morphogenic status of the cells. Since it has been shown by others that the nucleolus is an active site of RNA metabolism, it is suggested that the contracting nucleolar vacuoles may be involved in the controlled release of a soluble product associated with RNA metabolism.

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“…In the words of Ludford (13), it may at most be said, "Probably the nucleolus does not serve the same purpose in all cells; or may be it performs normally a variety of functions , so that there may be a certain element of truth even in the most diver gent opinions that have been held as to its functions. "…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have from time to time been reviewed by various authorities, such as, Walker and Tozer (28), Ludford (13), Wilson (27), Yamaha and Sinoto (30), Sharp (20), Schurhoff (21), Guillermond and Mangenot (11), de Mol (5), and Darlington (4), and we do not repeat them here. We will consider only those which have a direct reference to our observations.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rôle of the Nucleolus in the Formation of Spireme in the Pollen Mother Cells of <i>Hibiscus mutabilis</i> Linn

Mazumdar¹,

Datta²

1935

CYTOLOGIA

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The study of the detailed cytology of Hibiscus mutabilis was undertaken with a view to ascertain whether the non-setting of seeds is due to the formation of abortive pollens, or to the degenerations in the embryo-sac.During the progress of our investigation we came across with some interesting details which seem to throw light on the role of the nucleolus, especially in this plant.We think it worth while to record in this short paper, our observations on the same. Previous WorkEver since Fontana discovered the nucleolus in 1781, various theories on its structure, function and importance have been put forward by competent observers as a result of critical examinations of both the plant and the animal cells. These have from time to time been reviewed by various authorities, such as, Walker and Tozer (28), Ludford (13), Wilson (27), Yamaha and Sinoto (30), Sharp (20), Schurhoff (21), Guillermond and Mangenot (11), de Mol (5), and Darlington (4), and we do not repeat them here. We will consider only those which have a direct reference to our observations. Since the time of Flemming (Wilson 27) a good many number of cytologists regard the nucleolus as a store-house of chromatin "destined to play some definite part in the later operations of the nucleus ('transportation hypothesis of Haeker') (Wilson 27 p. 95), and our observation points to the same conclusion.Among the recent works on the "Chromatin theories" of the

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V.–the Morphology and Physiology of the Nucleolus

Cited by 39 publications

References 16 publications

Electron Microscopy of Basophilic Structures of Some Invertebrate Oocytes

Electron Microscopy of Basophilic Structures of Some Invertebrate Oocytes

Behavior of Nucleoli and Contracting Nucleolar Vacuoles in Tobacco Cells Growing in Microculture

The Rôle of the Nucleolus in the Formation of Spireme in the Pollen Mother Cells of <i>Hibiscus mutabilis</i> Linn

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