V1 Interpatch Projections to V2 Thick Stripes and Pale Stripes

Sincich, Lawrence C.; Jocson, Cristina M.; Horton, Jonathan C.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5506-09.2010

Cited by 41 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As expected, these injections produced denser cell labeling in the interpatches of layer 2/3 (Federer et al, 2008; Sincich et al, 2010). On average, 80% of cells were located in interpatches, whereas only 67% would be expected in this compartment on a random basis (p < 0.01, χ 2 test).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

“…On average, 80% of cells were located in interpatches, whereas only 67% would be expected in this compartment on a random basis (p < 0.01, χ 2 test). In normal animals, 84% of cells were present in interpatches after pale or thick stripe injection (Sincich et al, 2010). Thus, visual deprivation did not perturb the segregation of the interpatch to pale/thick stripe projection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neuronal Projections from V1 to V2 in Amblyopia

Sincich

Jocson²,

Horton³

2012

J. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanism of amblyopia in children with congenital cataract is not understood fully, but studies in macaques have shown that geniculate synapses are lost in striate cortex (V1). To search for other projection abnormalities in amblyopia, the pathway from V1 to V2 was examined using a triple-label technique in 3 animals raised with monocular suture. [3H]proline was injected into one eye to label the ocular dominance columns. Cholera toxin B-gold (CTB-Au) was injected in V2 to label V1 projection neurons. Alternate sections were processed for cytochrome oxidase (CO) and CTB-Au, or dipped for autoradiography. Eight fields of CTB-Au-labeled cells in V1 opposite injection sites were plotted in layers 2/3 or 4B. After thin stripe injection, labeled cells were concentrated in CO patches. Despite column shrinkage, cells in deprived and normal columns were equal in size and density, in both layer 2/3 and 4B. After pale or thick stripe injection, labeled cells were concentrated in interpatches. Only 23% of projection neurons originated from deprived columns. This reduction exceeded the degree of column shrinkage, a result explained by the fact that column shrinkage causes disproportionate loss of interpatch territory. These data indicate that early monocular form deprivation does not alter the segregation of patch and interpatch pathways to V2 stripes, or cause selective loss or atrophy of V1 projection neurons. The effect of shrinkage of geniculocortical afferents in layer 4C following visual deprivation is not amplified further by attenuation of the amblyopic eye’s projections from V1 to V2.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Projections from V1 to V2 in Amblyopia

Sincich

Jocson²,

Horton³

2012

J. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The indirect stream travels via pyramidal cells in layer 4B and 6 of V1 to V2 thick stripes before arriving at MT (DeYoe and Van Essen, 1985;Shipp and Zeki, 1985;Sincich and Horton, 2005;Nassi and Callaway, 2009), where direction-selective neurons are known to cluster into columns Malonek et al, 1994;Diogo et al, 2003;Xu et al, 2004). It should be noted that V2 thick stripes also receive some parvocellular inputs from layer 2/3 of V1 (Federer et al, 2009;Sincich et al, 2010), which most likely contribute to the orientation selectivity within the thick stripes (Fig. 9).…”

Section: Parallel and Segregated Processing Of Different Motion Signamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Functional Organizations for Processing Different Motion Signals in V1, V2, and V4 of Macaque

Gong

Qian

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Motion perception is qualitatively invariant across different objects and forms, namely, the same motion information can be conveyed by many different physical carriers, and it requires the processing of motion signals consisting of direction, speed, and axis or trajectory of motion defined by a moving object. Compared with the representation of orientation, the cortical processing of these different motion signals within the early ventral visual pathway of the primate remains poorly understood. Using drifting full-field noise stimuli and intrinsic optical imaging, along with cytochrome-oxidase staining, we found that the orientation domains in macaque V1, V2, and V4 that processed orientation signals also served to process motion signals associated with the axis and speed of motion. In contrast, direction domains within the thick stripes of V2 demonstrated preferences that were independent of motion speed. The population responses encoding the orientation and motion axis could be precisely reproduced by a spatiotemporal energy model. Thus, our observation of orientation domains with dual functions in V1, V2, and V4 directly support the notion that the linear representation of the temporal series of retinotopic activations may serve as another motion processing strategy in primate ventral visual pathway, contributing directly to fine form and motion analysis. Our findings further reveal that different types of motion information are differentially processed in parallel and segregated compartments within primate early visual cortices, before these motion features are fully combined in high-tier visual areas.

show abstract

“…10). We speculate that Class 2 cells, with narrow projections predominantly to L5 interblobs, may send fast, retinotopically precise information to the L5 neurons that project to the superior colliculus (SC; Lund et al, 1975), known to reside predominantly in L5B interblobs (Lia and Olavarria, 1996), and/or to the pulvinar, possibly via previously described branching axons to both subcortical targets (Rockland, 1998). Class 2 cells clearly avoid the supragranular layers, where most of the corticocortical-projecting V1 neurons reside.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…While it is now well recognized that M and P channels mix in blobs and interblobs (Sincich and Horton, 2005b), there exists anatomical segregation in the projections from the CO blobs and interblobs of V1 to the V2 CO stripes (Sincich and Horton, 2002a;Federer et al, 2009Federer et al, , 2013; this suggests that other functional properties, perhaps color (Tootell et al, 1988a(Tootell et al, , 2004Xiao et al, 2007;Lu and Roe, 2008), spatial frequency (Tootell et al, 1988b;Silverman et al, 1989;Edwards et al, 1995;Nauhaus et al, 2016), and/or orientation (Economides et al, 2011), are segregated in CO compartments. An important question is where in the visual system these parallel streams converge to generate unitary percepts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Circuits of V1 Layer 4B Neurons Projecting to V2 Thick Stripes Define Distinct Cell Classes and Avoid Cytochrome Oxidase Blobs

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Decades of anatomical studies on the primate primary visual cortex (V1) have led to a detailed diagram of V1 intrinsic circuitry, but this diagram lacks information about the output targets of V1 cells. Understanding how V1 local processing relates to downstream processing requires identification of neuronal populations defined by their output targets. In primates, V1 layers (L)2/3 and 4B send segregated projections to distinct cytochrome oxidase (CO) stripes in area V2: neurons in CO blob columns project to thin stripes while neurons outside blob columns project to thick and pale stripes, suggesting functional specialization of V1-to-V2 CO streams. However, the conventional diagram of V1 shows all L4B neurons, regardless of their soma location in blob or interblob columns, as projecting selectively to CO blobs in L2/3, suggesting convergence of blob/interblob information in L2/3 blobs and, possibly, some V2 stripes. However, it is unclear whether all L4B projection neurons show similar local circuitries. Using viral-mediated circuit tracing, we have identified the local circuits of L4B neurons projecting to V2 thick stripes in macaque. Consistent with previous studies, we found the somata of this L4B subpopulation to reside predominantly outside blob columns; however, unlike previous descriptions of local L4B circuits, these cells consistently projected outside CO blob columns in all layers. Thus, the local circuits of these L4B output neurons, just like their extrinsic projections to V2, preserve CO streams. Moreover, the intra-V1 laminar patterns of axonal projections identify two distinct neuron classes within this L4B subpopulation, including a rare novel neuron type, suggestive of two functionally specialized output channels.

show abstract

V1 Interpatch Projections to V2 Thick Stripes and Pale Stripes

Cited by 41 publications

References 60 publications

Neuronal Projections from V1 to V2 in Amblyopia

Neuronal Projections from V1 to V2 in Amblyopia

Distinct Functional Organizations for Processing Different Motion Signals in V1, V2, and V4 of Macaque

Local Circuits of V1 Layer 4B Neurons Projecting to V2 Thick Stripes Define Distinct Cell Classes and Avoid Cytochrome Oxidase Blobs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About