Vaccination Against Tuberculosis with Nonliving Vaccines

Weiss, David

doi:10.1164/arrd.1959.80.5.676

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Multiple-dose schedules of inactivated mycobacterial vaccines have been shown to provide protection against M. tuberculosis in both animals and humans, although these vaccines are not currently being investigated for general use in replacing BCG [27,28]. Over 100,000 children were immunized with multiple doses of inactivated mycobacterial vaccines in Italy in the 1950s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Five-Dose Series of Inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae Vaccination for the Prevention of HIV-Associated Tuberculosis

Waddell¹,

Chintu

Lein³

et al. 2000

Clinical Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Five doses of inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine were administered intradermally to 22 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients (11 bacille Calmette-Guérin [BCG]-positive and 11 BCG-negative) in Zambia whose CD4 lymphocyte counts were >/=200 cells/mm(3). HIV viral load and lymphocyte proliferation responses were compared for vaccine recipients and 22 HIV-infected control patients (11 BCG-positive and 11 BCG-negative). Immunization was safe and well tolerated in all patients, and induration at the vaccine site decreased from dose 1 to dose 5. A transient decrease in HIV viral load was observed in BCG-positive vaccine recipients after dose 3 but not after subsequent doses. Median lymphocyte stimulation indices to M. vaccae were 6.0 in vaccine recipients and 2.3 in control patients (P<.001). Stimulation indices were >/=3.0 in 19 vaccine recipients (86%) and 7 control patients (32%; P=.001). A 5-dose series of vaccination with inactivated M. vaccae is safe in HIV-infected patients and induces lymphocyte proliferation responses to the vaccine antigen. M. vaccae vaccine is a candidate for the prevention of tuberculosis in HIV infection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Five-Dose Series of Inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae Vaccination for the Prevention of HIV-Associated Tuberculosis

Waddell¹,

Chintu

Lein³

et al. 2000

Clinical Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The extensive reviews of Crowle (1958) and Weiss (1959) have summarized almost all the investigations of antituberculous nonliving vaccines in the past. However, it will be practically impossible to evaluate the relative immunogenicity of those antigens cited in the reviews.…”

Section: Immunity (Protection)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, our interest in these old-fashioned problems has been continuously renewed being stimulated by the advances in the related fields and also by the progress of general experimental methodology. It is not without reason that several reviews have appeared on the problems in recent years, being written from refreshed medical and biological standpoints (Crowle, 1958) (Weiss, 1959) (Dubos, 1964) (Lurie, 1964).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Resistance to Tuberculous Infection in Experimental Model

Kanai

1967

JJMSB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…We have found that the failure of killed bacteria to induce effective protective immunity in mice is due to the absence of an IFN-␥-inducing ability that is observed exclusively in viable bacilli (25,26). Killed M. tuberculosis has been prepared generally by treatment with heating, germicides, or irradiation (7,16,20,24), but such treatment may affect several bacterial components physically or chemically. In order to address whether the significant difference in the IFN-␥-inducing abilities of viable and killed M. tuberculosis is due to some undesirable changes introduced during the killing process or actually due to the viability itself, we have employed a streptomycin (SM)-dependent M. tuberculosis strain, 18b, in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptomycin-Dependent Exhibition of Cytokine-Inducing Activity in Streptomycin-DependentMycobacterium tuberculosisStrain 18b

Fukasawa

Kawamura²,

Uchiyama³

et al. 2005

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peritoneal exudate cells of mice were stimulated with a streptomycin-dependent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain, 18b. Gamma interferon production by natural killer cells depending on interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 was induced only in the presence of a high dose of streptomycin. This study suggested the requirement of active bacterial metabolism for this host response.Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a causative agent of tuberculosis in human being. One-third of the world's population is currently infected with tubercle bacilli, and the global incidence of active tuberculosis per year is around 8 million cases (2). It is of great importance to understand the basic mechanism for the induction of the immune response of the host against M. tuberculosis. The generation of protective immunity against tuberculosis is dependent on the induction of CD4 ϩ Th1 cells capable of producing gamma interferon (IFN-␥) upon stimulation with specific antigen. IFN-␥ contributes to the development of acquired resistance via the activation of macrophages (3). The importance of IFN-␥ in the resistance of mice to M. tuberculosis has been confirmed by utilizing IFN-␥ knockout mice and IFN-␥ receptor knockout mice (1, 4, 11). IFN-␥ is crucial also for the development of protective T cells. In our previous study, the treatment of mice with anti-IFN-␥ antibody during primary immunization with viable cells of M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin reduced the number of antigen-specific IFN-␥-producing cells and abolished the generation of protective immunity (26). Thus, IFN-␥ is indispensable for both induction and expression of protective immunity against tuberculosis.It has been shown that CD4 ϩ protective T cells are generated after infection with a sublethal dose of M. tuberculosis or M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin, whereas such effector T cells are hardly induced by immunization with killed bacteria (14). We have found that the failure of killed bacteria to induce effective protective immunity in mice is due to the absence of an IFN-␥-inducing ability that is observed exclusively in viable bacilli (25,26). Killed M. tuberculosis has been prepared generally by treatment with heating, germicides, or irradiation (7,16,20,24), but such treatment may affect several bacterial components physically or chemically. In order to address whether the significant difference in the IFN-␥-inducing abilities of viable and killed M. tuberculosis is due to some undesirable changes introduced during the killing process or actually due to the viability itself, we have employed a streptomycin (SM)-dependent M. tuberculosis strain, 18b, in this study.This particular strain, originally isolated in 1955 (6), has been maintained as a stock for a long time at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Japan, so we first confirmed whether this strain maintained the original SM dependency. On a Middlebrook 7H10 agar plate, strain 18b never grew during 5 weeks of observation in the absence of SM (Fig. 1). However, the addition of SM at concentrations of 50 g/ml...

show abstract

Vaccination Against Tuberculosis with Nonliving Vaccines

Cited by 36 publications

References 36 publications

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Five-Dose Series of Inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae Vaccination for the Prevention of HIV-Associated Tuberculosis

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Five-Dose Series of Inactivated Mycobacterium vaccae Vaccination for the Prevention of HIV-Associated Tuberculosis

Acquired Resistance to Tuberculous Infection in Experimental Model

Streptomycin-Dependent Exhibition of Cytokine-Inducing Activity in Streptomycin-DependentMycobacterium tuberculosisStrain 18b

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About