Vaccination and Revaccination with Polyvalent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccines in Adults and Infants

Borgoño, J M; McLean, Arlene A.; Vella, Philip P.; Woodhour, A. F.; Canepa, I.; Davidson, Wallace L.; Hilleman, Maurice R.

doi:10.3181/00379727-157-40010

Cited by 222 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…In general, maturation of the human antibody response against capsular polysaccharides of pediatric serotypes is slow. This holds true in particular for type 6 pneumococci, for which maturation of the antibody response is the slowest of all the serotypes (4,15). Moreover, type 6 pneumococci are frequently associated with antibiotic resistance (5,18), and recently vancomycin tolerance in S. pneumoniae has been described (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Synthetic 6B Di-, Tri-, and Tetrasaccharide-Protein Conjugates Contain Pneumococcal Type 6A and 6B Common and 6B- Specific Epitopes That Elicit Protective Antibodies in Mice

et al. 2001

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The immunogenicity and protective capacity of Streptococcus pneumoniae 6B capsular polysaccharide (PS)-derived synthetic phosphate-containing disaccharide (Rha-ribitol-P-), trisaccharide (ribitol-P-Gal-Glc-), and tetrasaccharide (Rha-ribitol-P-Gal-Glc-)-protein conjugates in rabbits and mice were studied. In rabbits, all saccharides conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) evoked high levels of pneumococcal (Pn) type 6B antibodies that facilitated type-specific phagocytosis. Unlike the disaccharide rabbit antisera, tri-and tetrasaccharide rabbit antisera also reacted with 6A PS in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and promoted phagocytosis of 6A pneumococci. All these rabbit antisera passively protected mice against a Pn 6B challenge. The disaccharide conjugate-induced antiserum, however, failed to protect mice against a 6A challenge. In mice, phagocytic and protective anti-Pn 6B antibodies were only induced by the tetrasaccharide conjugate and not by PS 6B or PS 6B-protein conjugates. These antibodies did not cross-react with 6A PS in ELISA and were unable to phagocytize 6A pneumococci. In conclusion, the disaccharide and tetrasaccharide conjugates already contain epitopes capable of inducing 6B-specific, fully protective antibodies in rabbits and mice, respectively.

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confidence: 94%

Synthetic 6B Di-, Tri-, and Tetrasaccharide-Protein Conjugates Contain Pneumococcal Type 6A and 6B Common and 6B- Specific Epitopes That Elicit Protective Antibodies in Mice

et al. 2001

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“…The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine licensed for use in adults, although providing greater serotype coverage for the adult population (3), shows limited efficacy in preventing pneumonia in elderly individuals and those with COPD (4,5). Furthermore, repeated vaccination with pneumococcal polysaccharide has been linked to the development of immune hyporesponsiveness to some serotypes (6). Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines contain polysaccharides from a limited number of pneumococcal serotypes that are specific to childhood pneumococcal disease, rather than adult disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

Safety, Immunogenicity, and Antibody Persistence following an Investigational Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae Triple-Protein Vaccine in a Phase 1 Randomized Controlled Study in Healthy Adults

Berglund

Vink

Silva

et al. 2014

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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cWe investigated a protein-based nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and pneumococcal (HiP) vaccine containing pneumococcal histidine triad D (PhtD), detoxified pneumolysin (dPly), and NTHi protein D (PD) in adults. In a phase I study, 40 healthy 18-to 40-year-old subjects were randomized (2:2:1) to receive two HiP doses administered 60 days apart, with or without AS03 adjuvant (HiP-AS and HiP groups, respectively), or Engerix B (GlaxoSmithKline, Belgium) as a control. Safety, antibodies, and antigen-specific CD4؉ T-cell immune responses were assessed before and until 480 days after vaccination. No serious adverse events were reported, and no subject withdrew due to an adverse event. Local and systemic symptoms were reported more frequently in the HiP-AS group than in the other two groups. The frequency and intensity of local and systemic symptoms appeared to increase after the second dose of HiP-AS or HiP but not Engerix B. Antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for PhtD, dPly, and PD increased after each dose of HiP-AS or HiP, with higher GMCs being observed in the HiP-AS group (statistically significant for anti-PD after dose 1 and anti-Ply after dose 2). GMCs remained higher at day 420 than prior to vaccination in both the HiP-AS and HiP groups. Antigen-specific CD4 ؉ T cells increased after each dose but were unmeasurable by day 480. Two doses of an investigational PhtD-dPly-PD protein vaccine induced humoral immunity and antigenspecific CD4؉ T-cell responses after each dose, with generally higher responses when the vaccine was administered with AS03. HiP combined with AS03 appeared to be more reactogenic than the antigens alone. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00814489.)

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“…These data are derived from studies with tetanus toxoid, 28,29,[89][90][91][92][93] diphtheria toxoid, 94-100 whole cell pertussis, 101 diphtheria/tetanus/acellular pertussis (DTaP) 38,102 and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. 57,81,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] Inflammatory response follows the formation of immune complexes between the circulating antibodies and the injected antigen. This type of reaction is considered to be a Type III hypersensitivity reaction (Arthus reaction).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in injection site reactions with human vaccines

Cook¹

2009

Human Vaccines

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Vaccination and Revaccination with Polyvalent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccines in Adults and Infants

Cited by 222 publications

References 0 publications

Synthetic 6B Di-, Tri-, and Tetrasaccharide-Protein Conjugates Contain Pneumococcal Type 6A and 6B Common and 6B- Specific Epitopes That Elicit Protective Antibodies in Mice

Synthetic 6B Di-, Tri-, and Tetrasaccharide-Protein Conjugates Contain Pneumococcal Type 6A and 6B Common and 6B- Specific Epitopes That Elicit Protective Antibodies in Mice

Safety, Immunogenicity, and Antibody Persistence following an Investigational Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae Triple-Protein Vaccine in a Phase 1 Randomized Controlled Study in Healthy Adults

Sex differences in injection site reactions with human vaccines

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