Vaccination for the novel coronavirus disease in hematological disorders

Abstract

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is now an ongoing pandemic. First detected in December 2019 at Wuhan, China, this disease has now spread to all parts of the world. COVID-19 may affect anyone, without regard for age, sex, or underlying disease condition. Patients with benign or malignant diseases when affected, usually have a more severe outcome than people without comorbidities. Increasing one’s immunity by vaccination against COVID-19 will help to improve the disease outcomes of COVID-19 in patients who already have some underlying disease. The live-attenuated or killed and recombinant viral protein vaccines currently available can elicit both humoral and cellular immunities. However, in immunocompromised patients (either due to the disease pathology or treatment-related immunosuppression), immune response may not be as effective as expected. Depending on the underlying disease pathogenesis, the patient may not be able to mount an adequate immune response post-vaccination. However, in view of the severe risks posed by COVID-19 disease, vaccination is of utmost importance. This review aims at understanding the importance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with hematological disorders, and also aims to understand the side effects which arise post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We have tried to ascertain the best way to vaccinate patients with hematological disorders.

Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in Hematologic Malignancies: A Mini-Review

“… 9 The reason for this is that this immunodeficiency is attributable to either the disease pathology or current cancer treatment. 10 11 Limited data have been published regarding the influence of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cancer undergoing anticancer therapy as a result of exclusion from clinical trials. 12 In accordance with the investigations, older age, recent treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal Abs (mAbs), Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi), chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation (SCT), and higher lactate dehydrogenase, are related to insufficient or delayed humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines such as BNT162b2 in patients with hematologic malignancies.…”