Vacuum Pumps

An electrostatic ion pump with nanostructured Si field emission electron source and Ti particle collectors for supporting an ultra-high vacuum in miniaturized atom interferometry systems

“…The estimated τ from (5) would match the experimental time constant of 20 000 s derived from the slope of the plot in figure 12 if an average gettering coefficient γ of 0.5 is assumed. At 10 −9 Torr-level pressure the atmosphere is mostly composed of H 2 , CO, H 2 O, CH 4 , and CO, with H 2 the most abundant constituent (~80%) [34], and the gettering coefficient between titanium and different gas species varies between 0.06 (H 2 ) to 0.7 (CO) [35].Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the actual gettering coefficient would lie between these two values. The proof-of-concept pump prototype was also characterized with the valve that connects to the external ion pump being closed (figure 13).…”

Educational Effect of the Microcomputer-Aided Lecture on the Teaching and/or Learning of Chemistry.

“…We would develop and use the microcomputer softwares on putting stress on acquiring of an interesting knowledge and skills of Instrumental Analysis. Our chemical dry lab softwares were previously developed on the purpose of arrangement and reconfirmation of chemistry knowledge [3,4]. However, it is a first practice to have a main target of acquiring of new knowledge for learners.…”

“…The chemistry curriculum should have the minimum numbers of fundamental lectures and experimental lessons for schooling in Japan [1,2,3,4]. For the purposes of studying chemistry, an indispensable condition is the need for experience gained by doing experiments.…”

“…Computer-aided instruction (CAI) can offer a solution to this problem, and also encourage chemistry teaching. The technical term for this type of software is 'chemical dry lab' [3,4,5]. Microcomputer software for chemical dry lab education might cover a chemistry curriculum.…”