Vagal sensory neurons and gut-brain signaling

Yu, Chuyue; Xu, Qian; Chang, Rui B.

doi:10.1016/j.conb.2020.03.006

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…For example, free fatty acids can be sensed by I, K and L cells via FFARs expressed at the apical membrane, and stimulate the release of CCK, GIP and GLP-1 respectively [106,107]. All these three hormones have the ability to promote digestion, nutrient absorption [63,64] and satiety [111,112], while GIP can promote lipid uptake and storage [113], and GLP-1 is able to regulate bile acids metabolism [114].…”

Section: Regulation Of Metabolic Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During a fasting period, the orexigenic hormones ghrelin and motilin are increased to inhibit insulin release and to increase gastric acid secretion, gastrointestinal motility, and appetite [115]. 5-HT increases hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to maintain glucose homeostasis in the circulatory system [63,64,102]. INSL5 also helps to induce hunger and drive feeding behavior [91].…”

Section: Regulation Of Metabolic Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postprandially, anorexigenic hormones including CCK, GLP-1, PYY, SCT, and OXM decrease appetite [111, Accepted Article 112,115]; it is also known that released CCK, GLP-1, GIP, SST, and PYY slow down gastrointestinal motility to facilitate meal digestion and absorption [63,64]. To promote nutrient absorption, CCK triggers gallbladder contraction and secretion of pancreatic enzymes [63,64]. PYY, CCK, SST, and SCT reduce the secretion of gastric acid [112,115].…”

Section: Regulation Of Metabolic Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The specification and function of enteroendocrine cells in Drosophila and mammals: a comparative review

Guo

2021

The FEBS Journal

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Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) in both invertebrates and vertebrates derive from intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and are scattered along the digestive tract, where they function in sensing various environmental stimuli and subsequently secrete neurotransmitters or neuropeptides to regulate diverse biological and physiological processes. To fulfill these functions, EECs are specified into multiple subtypes that occupy specific gut regions. With advances in single‐cell technology, organoid culture experimental systems, and CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genomic editing, rapid progress has been made toward characterization of EEC subtypes in mammals. Additionally, studies of genetic model organisms—especially Drosophila melanogaster—have also provided insights about the molecular processes underlying EEC specification from ISCs and about the establishment of diverse EEC subtypes. In this review, we compare the regulation of EEC specification and function in mammals and Drosophila, with a focus on EEC subtype characterization, on how internal and external regulators mediate EEC subtype specification, and on how EEC‐mediated intra‐ and interorgan communications affect gastrointestinal physiology and pathology.

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Section: Regulation Of Metabolic Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regulation Of Metabolic Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regulation Of Metabolic Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The specification and function of enteroendocrine cells in Drosophila and mammals: a comparative review

Guo

2021

The FEBS Journal

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“…Over ten years ago, a complex brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis was described with exciting implications for Psychology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience (Cryan et al, 2020;Liang et al, 2018;Palacios-Garcia & Parada, 2019). The principal mechanisms of the BGM axis include (1) complex neural dynamics between autonomic pathways (vagus nerve and sympathetic projections), enteric nervous system, and enteroendocrine neuropods 2 (Bravo et al, 2011;Muller et al, 2020;Yu et al, 2020); (2) the metabolism of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and GABA (Bravo et al, 2011;Xie et al, 2020); (3) a deep regulation of immunological cells and cytokines (Littman & Pamer, 2011); and (4) the release of small molecules with neural properties (i.e., short-chain fatty acid, De Vadder et al, 2014). Animal and human studies have shown that some aspects of behavior are directly dependent on microbiota actions via one or more of the mentioned mechanisms.…”

Section: The Brain-gut-microbiota Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

The holobiont mind: A bridge between 4E-cognition and the microbiome

Palacios-García¹,

Fj²

2021

Preprint

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All life on earth is intrinsically linked. At the very foundation of everyevolutionary interaction are microorganisms; integral components in thecomposition of both organisms and ecosystems. This perspectivechallenges the traditional conception of monogenetic biologicalindividuals, suggesting living beings are actually composite multi-speciescomplexes; holobionts. In the present article, we introduce the conceptof the holobiont mind; a biogenic conception of cognition. Wefurthermore expand on the idea of the mind as the emerging product ofmulti-genomic morphology of a composite agent, in ever changinginteraction with its ecological niche. We briefly review recent evidence onthe Brain-Gut-Microbiome axis and the Microbiome of the BuiltEnvironment in order to provide a bridge between the Holobiont Mindand the 4E approach to Cognition, two complementary lines of evidencethat have not been linked before, opening novel venues for research withdirect impact on health and disease.

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“…The gut is connected to the brain via vagal sensory neurons [ 8 ]. The gut microbiota influences the enteric nervous system (ENS), which interacts with the central nervous system (CNS) of brain [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imbalanced dietary intake alters the colonic microbial profile in growing rats

Jung

Han

2021

PLoS ONE

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An imbalanced dietary intake is associated with alteration of intestinal ecosystem. We investigated the impact of imbalanced diets on colonic microbiota, concentrations of short chain fatty acid in colonic digesta and serum immunoglobulins (Igs) of growing rats. Compared to the control diet, consuming diets high in fat, sucrose, or processed meat, or low in iron, increased the abundance of the pathogenic bacteria such as Clostridium, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella species, and decreased the beneficial bacteria, like Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Phascolarctobacterium, Alistipes, and butyrate producing species of bacteria in the colon of growing rats. The heatmap of metagenomics indicated that each group was separated into distinct clusters, and the ID group in particular, showed significantly (P < 0.01) reduced alpha diversity of colonic microbiota in comparison to the control group. All experimental groups showed significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) decreased concentration of acetate and butyrate in the colonic digesta and lower levels of serum IgG or IgA, compared to the control. These results indicated that the imbalanced dietary intake negatively altered intestinal ecosystem and immunity.

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Vagal sensory neurons and gut-brain signaling

Cited by 49 publications

References 70 publications

The specification and function of enteroendocrine cells in Drosophila and mammals: a comparative review

The specification and function of enteroendocrine cells in Drosophila and mammals: a comparative review

The holobiont mind: A bridge between 4E-cognition and the microbiome

Imbalanced dietary intake alters the colonic microbial profile in growing rats

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