“…To expedite these assays, several cocktail approaches, also known as n-in-one assays, have been developed to test for inhibition of several P450 isoforms simultaneously. Most of these assays test for inhibition of five to eight P450 isoforms and use a wide variety of experimental conditions and probe substrates (Dierks et al, 2001;Testino and Patonay, 2003;He et al, 2007;Li et al, 2007;Smith et al, 2007;Workman and Raynaud, 2007;Zientek et al, 2008;Alden et al, 2010;Otten et al, 2011;Yao et al, 2012;Kozakai et al, 2012;Lee and Kim, 2013;Qiao et al, 2014;Qin et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2015). Although a few approaches have claimed using 9 or 10 substrates to evaluate nine isoforms, they actually carry out separate incubations of subsets of probe substrates to avoid P450 interactions before pooling the mixtures immediately prior to a quantitative analysis step, use P450 substrates which are not recommended by the FDA, and/or use long incubation times of up to 60 minutes (Kim et al, 2005;Turpeinen et al, 2005;Tolonen et al, 2007;Dinger et al, 2014).…”