Validated sizing rule against chatter of relief valves during gas service

Cremers, J.; Friedel, L.; Pallaks, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/s0950-4230(00)00054-1

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Dating back to Singh (1982) and the later works of Cremers et al (2001), Melham (2012) and Darby (2012), the so-called pressure surge criteria is often used to predict whether the opening of the valve will trigger chatter upon valve opening opening. This criterion, which is commonly included as part of design guidelines, focuses on the transient dynamics during valve opening in a simplified, quasi-steady manner.…”

Section: Pressure Surge On Valve Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This criterion, which is commonly included as part of design guidelines, focuses on the transient dynamics during valve opening in a simplified, quasi-steady manner. Essentially, it is postulated that according to Cremers et al (2001) -the 'valve is expected to operate in a stable manner, resp., not to chatter if twice the transmission line time t w of the expansion wave in the inlet pipe, generated by the abrupt valve opening, is shorter than the total opening time t open of the valve'.…”

Section: Pressure Surge On Valve Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dynamic behaviour of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves connected to inlet piping: IV review and recommendations

Hős

Champneys

Paul

et al. 2017

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. AbstractRecent progress by a number of different groups and authors is reviewed on the stability properties of direct-spring pressure relief valves connected to pressure vessels with or without piping systems. Various different notions of stability and mechanisms for instability are revealed both in the case of gas and liquid service. It is stressed that it is not the valve itself that is stable or unstable, rather the harmful vibrations arise through interactions between the valve and its surroundings -the inlet piping, the reservoir, and any outlet piping. A distinction is drawn between underlying instability mechanisms and how these may be triggered during transient operations. The purpose of the work is to provide a coherent simplified account that will be of practical use for proposing new operational guidelines and mitigation strategies. Among these various mechanisms, oscillatory instability due to the interaction with a quarter-wave acoustic mode in the inlet piping is argued to be the most important to mitigate.

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Section: Pressure Surge On Valve Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pressure Surge On Valve Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic behaviour of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves connected to inlet piping: IV review and recommendations

Hős

Champneys

Paul

et al. 2017

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), the pressure courses at different frequencies of the cyclic pressure loading (Figs 16,. 17 and 18) were sampled over a period of time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure Surge Analysis of a Test Bench for Biodegradable Hydraulic Oils

Majdan¹,

Olejár²,

Abrahám³

et al. 2018

Tribol. Ind.

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A test bench for biodegradable hydraulic oils generates pressure surges by cyclic pressure loading. The parameters of these pressure surges (maximum pressure, amplitude, frequency etc.) are defined by the characteristics of the pressure valve and pipe line system. The response of the hydraulic system was recorded and studied in the case of four test bench modifications by comparing the maximum pressure, maximum pressure increase and the opening time of the pressure valve. The test bench with steel pipe between the hydraulic pump and pressure valve shows the highest maximum pressure increase (4.28 MPa). The opening times of pressure valve were measured for the evaluation of dynamic stability of the test bench. In case of all test bench modifications the opening time of pressure valve did not exceed the calculated limit value. The experiments were also aimed at the response of hydraulic system to three different frequencies (1.5 Hz, 2.5 Hz and 5 Hz) of cyclic pressure loading. Increasing the frequency only minimally increases the maximum pressure during the pressure surge. On the other hand, it increases maximum amplitude after the maximum pressure depending up to frequency of cyclic pressure loading. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) confirms the facts mention above.

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“…This is still a difficult point (Melhem, 2011). According to Smith et al (2011), the methods proposed by Cremers et al (2001) and Melhem (2011) are good approaches for establishing the maximum value of the characteristic constant K corresponding to the inlet pipe. Included in these calculations are the inlet frictional and acoustic pressure losses, the vortex shedding criteria and the oversized criteria (Smith et al, 2011).…”

Section: Procedures In the New Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acoustic interaction (pressure surge rule): this phenomenon has been thoroughly studied by Friedel and coworkers (Frommann andFriedel, 1998, 2000;Cremers et al, 2001;Cremers and Friedel, 2003) among others.…”

Section: Stability Calculations: Engineering Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety life cycle analysis applied to the engineering of pressure relief valves in process plants

Basco Montia

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Chemical plants and other industrial installations process and store hazardous materials, which represent a certain risk to people, equipment and the environment. Overpressure is one of the most common upsets in process plants and relief devices (pressure relief valves, rupture discs, overpressure-vacuum valves) are required on process equipment to prevent internal pressures from rising to levels, which could cause catastrophic equipment failure. They are the ultimate line of protection against equipment rupture and are therefore extremely critical safety elements. However, this criticality is not always accounted for in existing plants and in the engineering of new ones, as a lot of pressure relief systems audits performed recently, especially in US, have demonstrated. As an example, a 2014 report from Siemens Energy, Inc. of Houston, pointed out that, after performing 1,197 pressure relief systems audits between 2005 and 2014, consisting of 174,943 pieces of equipment and 80,372 pressure relief devices, 47% of the relief devices had a deficiency, e.g. 13,4% were undersized. In another statistical study focused on the maintenance process of pressure relief valves conducted in 1995 and based on 13,000 items inspected in the workshop, it was found that 18% of the valves only opened at a pressure higher than 110% of the set pressure and 3% did not open at a pressure of twice the set pressure. Therefore, it is clear that a methodology for increasing the reliability of pressure relief devices would be very useful. A new methodology has been developed in this thesis based on an extension of the safety life cycle concept developed for the safety instrumented systems, according to the IEC 61511. This new methodology covers all the steps of the life cycle of a pressure relief valve: a) risk analysis; b) safety requirements specification; c) design; d) reception, installation and checking; e) operation, maintenance and revision; f) management of change; g) decommissioning h) verification and i) documentation and technical audits. This methodology has been applied to three existing petrochemical plants, obtaining results that validate it as a useful tool in the target of increasing the reliability of pressure relief valves. Les plantes químiques i altres instal·lacions industrials processen i emmagatzemen materials perillosos, els quals representen risc per les persones, per els equips i per el medi ambient. La sobrepressió es una de les pertorbacions mes freqüents en les plantes de procés i els dispositius d’alleugeriment de pressió (vàlvules de seguretat, discs de trencament, vàlvules de sobrepressió-buit) són necessaris per prevenir que les pressions internes dels equips a pressió arribin a nivells, que puguin ocasionar la ruptura catastròfica del mateix. Aquests dispositius són l’ultima capa de protecció abans de la ruptura del equip i són, per tant, elements de seguretat molt crítics. Malauradament, aquesta criticitat no se la te sempre en compte en les plantes existents, ni tampoc en la enginyeria i construcció de plantes noves, com moltes auditories de sistemes d’alleugeriment de pressió realitzades recentment, especialment als Estats Units, han demostrat. Per exemple, un informe de Siemens Energy, Inc. de Houston del any 2014, indicava que després de haver realitzat 1197 auditories dels sistemes d'alleugeriment de pressió entre l'any 2005 i 2014, consistint en 174943 equips i 80373 dispositius d’alleugeriment de pressió, un 47% dels dispositius tenien una deficiència, per exemple, 13,4% estaven subdimensionats. En un altre estudi estadístic focalitzat en el manteniment de vàlvules de seguretat realitzat a l’any 1995 i basat en 13000 vàlvules inspeccionades al taller, es va trobar que el 18 % nomes obrien a una pressió mes alta que el 110% de la pressió de tarat i un 3% no obrien ni a una pressió del doble de la tarat. En conseqüència, esta clar que una metodologia per incrementar la fiabilitat dels dispositius d'alleugeriment de pressió seria molt útil. Una nova metodologia s’ha desenvolupat en aquesta tesi basada en una extensió del concepte del cicle de vida de seguretat funcional desenvolupat originalment per els sistemes instrumentats de seguretat, d’acord amb la IEC 61511. Aquesta nova metodologia avarca totes les etapes del cicle de vida d’una vàlvula de seguretat: a) anàlisi del risc, b) especificació dels requisits de seguretat, c) disseny, d) recepció, instal·lació i comprovació, e) operació, manteniment i revisió, f) gestió del canvi, g) donar de baixa h) verificació i i) documentació i auditoria tècnica. Aquesta nova metodologia ha estat aplicada a tres plantes petroquímiques existents, obtenint resultats que la validen com una eina útil per l’objectiu de augmentar la fiabilitat de les vàlvules de seguretat

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Validated sizing rule against chatter of relief valves during gas service

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Dynamic behaviour of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves connected to inlet piping: IV review and recommendations

Dynamic behaviour of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves connected to inlet piping: IV review and recommendations

Pressure Surge Analysis of a Test Bench for Biodegradable Hydraulic Oils

Safety life cycle analysis applied to the engineering of pressure relief valves in process plants

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