Validating Methods To Eradicate Plant-Pathogenic Ralstonia Strains Reveals that Growth
            <i>In Planta</i>
            Increases Bacterial Stress Tolerance

Hayes, Madeline M.; Dewberry, Ronnie J.; Babujee, Lavanya; Moritz, Rebecca; Allen, Caitilyn

doi:10.1128/spectrum.02270-22

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…UV-A radiation has been studied to a greater extent in biomedical fields because it has been observed to possess germicidal properties, which are attributed to the inhibitory effect it has on microorganisms resistant to physical sterilization methods, such as Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus atrophaeus endospores and lentivirus [38]. However, it also has great potential for use in the control of pathogenic microorganisms of horticultural crops, since the mechanisms of action are essentially the same [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, they tested the severity of the fungus on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) leaves by inoculating them with mycelium discs and conidial suspension, and reported a reduced radial growth rate and a delay in the onset of conidial growth [35]. Hayes et al [44] evaluated in vitro the effect of UV-C on Rasoltonia solanacearumse and observed a decrease in surviving bacterial colony-forming units (CFU) to below the detection limit after 5 min of exposure to radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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UV-A Radiation Stimulates Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in Tomato Plants

et al. 2023

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UV-A radiation is a tool that has a stimulant action in plants and can be used to induce benefits through the production of bioactive compounds and the synthesis of secondary metabolites, among others. Particularly, its application could stimulate tolerance to the biotic stress caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) in tomato plants; for this reason, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of UV-A radiation to stimulate tolerance against Fol. For this, a tomato crop was established in which two conditions of supplementation with UV-A radiation were tested on plants inoculated with the fungus Fol. The pathogen’s impact on the agronomic parameters, its incidence and severity, and the contents of stress biomarkers, secondary metabolites and photosynthetic pigments were determined. The results show that the impact of the pathogen on severity was about 60%; therefore, the impact on fruit yield was also negative (−31%). Moreover, the pathogen significantly impacted the content of stress biomarkers, and the positive control increased H2O2 (+23.9%), malondialdehyde (+41.7%) and proline (+54.8%). In contrast, UV-A radiation significantly decreased Fol severity (−35.5%), and prevented its negative effect on the tomato plant/fruit yield. In addition, the application of UV-A radiation decreased the contents of stress biomarkers (−10.4% O2•−, −22% H2O2, and −16% MDA), and increased the contents of secondary metabolites (+13.2% flavonoids, +35% anthocyanins) and photosynthetic pigments (+17% β-carotene, +12% yellow pigments, and +19.8% total chlorophyll) in the plants inoculated with the pathogen. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the application of UV-A radiation is a good alternative means to control the attack of pathogens such as Fol on tomato plants, without adverse consequences for the environment or the crop.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-A Radiation Stimulates Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in Tomato Plants

et al. 2023

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pandemic lineage, known historically and for regulatory purposes as Race 3 biovar 2, is a U.S. Select Agent pathogen because it threatens American potato production (Hayes et al., 2022 ; Lambert, 2002 ). Understanding the mechanism of host resistance will be key to developing effective disease resistance to mitigate this threat (Kim et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ralstonia solanacearum pandemic lineage strain UW551 overcomes inhibitory xylem chemistry to break tomato bacterial wilt resistance

Hamilton,

Zaricor,

Dye

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Plant‐pathogenic Ralstonia strains cause bacterial wilt disease by colonizing xylem vessels of many crops, including tomato. Host resistance is the best control for bacterial wilt, but resistance mechanisms of the widely used Hawaii 7996 tomato breeding line (H7996) are unknown. Using growth in ex vivo xylem sap as a proxy for host xylem, we found that Ralstonia strain GMI1000 grows in sap from both healthy plants and Ralstonia‐infected susceptible plants. However, sap from Ralstonia‐infected H7996 plants inhibited Ralstonia growth, suggesting that in response to Ralstonia infection, resistant plants increase inhibitors in their xylem sap. Consistent with this, reciprocal grafting and defence gene expression experiments indicated that H7996 wilt resistance acts in both above‐ and belowground plant parts. Concerningly, H7996 resistance is broken by Ralstonia strain UW551 of the pandemic lineage that threatens highland tropical agriculture. Unlike other Ralstonia, UW551 grew well in sap from Ralstonia‐infected H7996 plants. Moreover, other Ralstonia strains could grow in sap from H7996 plants previously infected by UW551. Thus, UW551 overcomes H7996 resistance in part by detoxifying inhibitors in xylem sap. Testing a panel of xylem sap compounds identified by metabolomics revealed that no single chemical differentially inhibits Ralstonia strains that cannot infect H7996. However, sap from Ralstonia‐infected H7996 contained more phenolic compounds, which are known to be involved in plant antimicrobial defence. Culturing UW551 in this sap reduced total phenolic levels, indicating that the resistance‐breaking Ralstonia strain degrades these chemical defences. Together, these results suggest that H7996 tomato wilt resistance depends in part on inducible phenolic compounds in xylem sap.

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Variation in defense enzymes in GT-2 and GAT-5 varieties of tomato during infection with bacterial wilt disease in Central Gujarat, India

Sabharwal

Subramanian

2023

Plant Stress

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Validating Methods To Eradicate Plant-Pathogenic Ralstonia Strains Reveals that Growth In Planta Increases Bacterial Stress Tolerance

Abstract: Bacteria in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) are globally distributed and cause destructive vascular wilt diseases of many high-value crops. These aggressive pathogens spread in diseased plant material and via contaminated soil, tools, and irrigation water.

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

UV-A Radiation Stimulates Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in Tomato Plants

UV-A Radiation Stimulates Tolerance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in Tomato Plants

Ralstonia solanacearum pandemic lineage strain UW551 overcomes inhibitory xylem chemistry to break tomato bacterial wilt resistance

Variation in defense enzymes in GT-2 and GAT-5 varieties of tomato during infection with bacterial wilt disease in Central Gujarat, India

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