Validation of CFD-model for hydrogen dispersion

Abstract

a b s t r a c tTo be able to perform proper consequence modelling as a part of a risk assessment, it is essential to be able to model the physical processes well. Simplified tools for dispersion and explosion predictions are generally not very useful. CFD tools have the potential to model the relevant physics and predict well, but without proper user guidelines based on extensive validation work, very mixed prediction capability can be expected. In this article, recent dispersion validation effort for the CFD tool FLACS-HYDROGEN is presented. A range of different experiments is simulated, including low-momentum releases in a garage, subsonic jets in a garage with stratification effects and subsequent slow diffusion, low momentum and subsonic horizontal jets influenced by buoyancy, and free jets from high-pressure vessels. LH 2 releases are also considered. Some of the simulations are performed as blind predictions.

Meta-modelling for fast analysis of CFD-simulated vapour cloud dispersion processes

“…As such, comparisons between meta-modelling and other simplified simulation models are not within the scope of this paper. We refer the readers to a comprehensive validation of CFD model for dispersion (Middha et al 2009), and comparisons between CFD and above-mentioned simplified models in simulating complex scenarios (Hanna, Hansen et al 2009, Tauseef et al 2011). …”

“…The validation between the real process and CFD simulation has been reported in the literature (Middha, Hansen et al 2009, Hansen et al 2010, Graham & Simon 2012. However in this study, it is not possible to compare simulation with real data, because we aim to mimic the actual weather conditions and potential release scenario in Singapore.…”

“…Among these, FLACS is widely used in industrial and academic institutions due to its reliable and satisfactory simulation results (Hanna et al 2009, Middha et al 2009); it has been approved to be used for LNG vapour dispersion modelling under the US federal regulations and is also used in this study. However, no matter what software is used, one of the major challenges that have hampered the practical application of CFD is the computational cost.…”

Dispersion and catalytic ignition of hydrogen leaks within enclosed spaces

“…Several numerical studies have also focused on hydrogen dispersion inside enclosures of various sizes and shapes, including hallways and other simple geometries [26e30]. Of particular note, Zhang et al [28] and Middha et al [29] utilized experimental data developed from the hydrogen dispersion gallery at INERIS [31], one of the few experimental data sets available for hydrogen dispersion. Additionally, Prasad et al [30] developed their own dataset using helium dispersion in a 1/4escale two-car garage model to gain insight into i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 7 ( 2 0 1 2 ) 1 0 4 0 5 e1 0 4 1 5 hydrogen dispersion within an enclosure and to provide a validation basis for numerical modeling.…”

Thermal hazard analysis of a dehydrogenation system involving methylcyclohexane and toluene

“…Further, consequence analysis and risk assessment studies of off-site hydrogen fueling stations have been performed to determine the necessary safety measures [5][6][7][8][9]. In addition, the results of these assessments have led to the development of risk assessment software such as FLACS, HyRAM, and SUSANA [10][11][12][13]. In contrast, the safety issues related to on-site hydrogen fueling stations have not been studied widely, even though doing so could improve the safety of on-site stations significantly.…”