Validation of Doppler Wind Lidar during Super Typhoon Lekima (2019)

Tang, Shengming; Guo, Yun; Wang, Xu; Tang, Jie; Li, Tiantian; Zhao, Bin; Zhang, Shuai; Li, Yongping

doi:10.1007/s11707-020-0838-9

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The results above are for the accuracy of data measured by WindPrint S4000. For Windcube V2, a comparison with radiosonde data during typhoons [36] showed that precipitation affects the missing data rate of Windcube V2 data mainly by affecting the SNR. Also, at heights below 100 m, the data validity of Windcube V2 is not affected by precipitation and precipitation intensity has little effect on the deviation of U measured by Windcube V2.…”

Section: Data Reliability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Boundary Layer Structure of a Landfalling Typhoon Based on the Observation from Multiple Ground-Based Doppler Wind Lidars

et al. 2021

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The boundary layer structure is crucial to the formation and intensification of typhoons, but there is still a lack of high-precision turbulence observations in the typhoon boundary layer due to limitations of the observing instruments under typhoon conditions. Using joint observations from multiple ground-based Doppler wind lidars (DWL) collected by the Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) during the transit of Typhoon Lekima (8–11 August 2019), the characteristics of the wind field and physical quantities (including turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and typhoon boundary layer height (TBLH)) of the boundary layer of typhoon Lekima were analyzed. The magnitude of TKE was shown to be related not only to the horizontal wind speed but also to the presence of a strong downdraft, which leads to a rapid increase of TKE. The magnitudes of TKE in different quadrants of Typhoon Lekima were also found to differ. The TKE in the front right quadrant of the typhoon was 2.5–6.0 times that in the rear left quadrant and ~1.7 times that in the rear right quadrant. The TKE over the island was larger than that over the urban area. Before Typhoon Lekima made landfall, the TKE increased with decreasing distance to the typhoon center. After typhoon landfall, the TKE changes were different on the left and right sides of the typhoon center, with the TKE on the left decreasing rapidly, while that on the right changed little. The typhoon boundary layer height calculated by five methods was compared and was found to decrease gradually before typhoon landfall and increased gradually afterward. The trends of the TBLH calculated using helicity and TKE were consistent, and both determine the TBLH well, while the maximum tangential wind speed height (humax) was larger than the height calculated by other methods. This study confirms that DWL has a strong detecting capability for the finescale structure of the typhoon boundary layer and provides a powerful tool for the validation of numerical simulations of typhoon structure.

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Section: Data Reliability Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Boundary Layer Structure of a Landfalling Typhoon Based on the Observation from Multiple Ground-Based Doppler Wind Lidars

et al. 2021

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“…Before analyzing the experimental results, abnormal data are removed by checking spikes, dropouts, and absolute limits (Hojstrup, 1993;Vickers and Mahrt, 1997;Tang et al, 2022). Signal-to-noise ratio is also checked for DWL data (Tang et al, 2020;Tang et al, 2022). Both wind tower and DWL data are divided into 10-min datasets for data analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of wind characteristics of typhoon boundary layer through field experiments and CFD simulations

Qu²,

Tang³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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High-resolution observations of typhoon boundary layer above 100 m are rare as traditional wind towers are generally below 100 m, which limits the study of typhoon boundary layer and engineering applications such as wind-resistant design of tall buildings and wind turbines in typhoon-prone regions. In this study, boundary layer winds of super typhoon Lekima (2019) are observed, simulated and analyzed. Together with traditional wind tower, Doppler wind lidar is utilized for observations of typhoon boundary layer in order to obtain measured data above 100 m. Besides, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method is conducted to further investigate the impact of complex terrain on the near-surface wind characteristics. The results show that the power law fits the mean wind speed profile well below 100 m. However, before and after the typhoon lands, a local reverse or low-level jet occurs in the mean wind speed profile at the height of 100–300 m, which cannot be depicted by the power law. Meanwhile, the turbulence intensity increases with height and experiences larger fluctuations. In addition, there is a significant negative correlation between the ground elevation and power exponents of the fitted mean wind speed profiles. This study provides useful information to better understand wind characteristics of the typhoon boundary layer.

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“…Molas B300 DWL manufactured by the Nanjing Movelaser Technology Company was adopted at observation point N. The specifications of the DWLs can be found in Table 1 of Tang et al (2022). As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the number of 10-min wind profiles used in this study is 6,374, including 541 and 5,833 wind profiles observed from DWL and wind tower anemometers, respectively.…”

Section: Typhoon Observations and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, doppler wind lidar (DWL) has been increasingly adopted for performing observations of aerodynamic characteristics under typhoon conditions (Chen et al, 2023; T. T. Li et al, 2023;Shi et al, 2021). As a portable remote sensing device with high spatial and temporal resolutions, good anti-interference capability, and easy and rapid deployment, the accuracy of DWL-measured winds has been proven to be high under typhoon conditions (Tang et al, 2022(Tang et al, , 2023. Global Positioning System (GPS) dropsondes and balloon-borne radiosondes can provide high-fidelity wind profiles at different evolutionary stages of targeted storms (Giammanco et al, 2013;Powell et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Wind Profiles and Surface Aerodynamic Parameters of Typhoons Over Coastland and Coastal Sea

Tang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Understanding the aerodynamic characteristics of landfalling typhoons is of great importance for both wind engineering and meteorology. This study comparatively investigated the near‐surface wind profiles and aerodynamic parameters over coastland and coastal sea areas using typhoon observational data collected by Doppler wind lidars and wind tower anemometers during the passage of 15 typhoons that made landfall over China during 2009–2020. Specifically, the three surface aerodynamic parameters of roughness length, friction velocity, and drag coefficient (Cd) were obtained using the logarithmic law wind profile method. Results showed that the near‐surface wind profiles became much closer to the power law wind profile with increase in wind speed. The values of roughness length and friction velocity over the coastal sea were found to exceed those over coastland areas when the 10‐m wind speed (U(10)) was larger than 18 m s−1. The critical wind speed at which Cd peaks over the coastal sea was found to be 24 m s−1. There are two peaks in the variation of Cd with U(10) under the condition of onshore wind over the sea, which has never been reported in previous observational studies. Finally, a formula for Cd was proposed to describe the variation in Cd with U(10) under the condition of onshore wind over land, which is expected to be applied in the typhoon surface layer scheme to improve numerical simulation of landfalling typhoons.

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Validation of Doppler Wind Lidar during Super Typhoon Lekima (2019)

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Study of the Boundary Layer Structure of a Landfalling Typhoon Based on the Observation from Multiple Ground-Based Doppler Wind Lidars

Study of the Boundary Layer Structure of a Landfalling Typhoon Based on the Observation from Multiple Ground-Based Doppler Wind Lidars

Investigation of wind characteristics of typhoon boundary layer through field experiments and CFD simulations

A Comparative Study on Wind Profiles and Surface Aerodynamic Parameters of Typhoons Over Coastland and Coastal Sea

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