Validation of hydrodynamic and microbial inactivation models for UV-C treatment of milk in a swirl-tube ‘SurePure Turbulator™’

Abstract

Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the SurePure Turbulator ultraviolet-C irradiation equipment on inactivation of different enveloped and non-enveloped viruses inoculated in commercially collected liquid animal plasma

“…Animal plasma from slaughterhouse is an opaque liquid; therefore, UV-C radiation does not penetrate this liquid. This problem has been overcome by introducing turbulent flow achieving that the whole volume of liquid passes close to the UV-C radiation source [25][26][27][28][29][30]. The UV-C system used in this work can be expanded to efficiently process large volumes of liquid compatible with commercial production of fruit juices, wine [26,38] and milk [47].…”

“…In fact, it has been extensively used for disinfection of water, surfaces and food products [23,24]. The inability of UV-C radiation to penetrate opaque liquids can be overcome by introducing adequate turbulence insuring that all of the liquid is exposed to the surface of the UV-C light [25][26][27][28][29][30]. UV-C treatment has been shown to reduce bacterial contamination while not inactivating protein functionality or growth enhancing properties of SDAP [31].…”

“…SurePure has designed a UV-C treatment system that is able to reduce the pathogen burden in milk, fruit juices, etc. [26,28,29]. The objective of this study was to assess inactivation efficiency of the SurePure Turbulator UV-C irradiation system with selected swine enveloped viruses Pseudorabies virus (PRV), Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Swine influenza A virus (SIV) and Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and non-enveloped viruses Porcine parvovirus (PPV), Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) and Senecavirus A (SVA) inoculated in liquid bovine or porcine plasma.…”

UV-C irradiation is able to inactivate pathogens found in commercially collected porcine plasma as demonstrated by swine bioassay

“…The opaqueness of a liquid can limit the penetration of UV-C irradiation and therefore affect the efficiency of pathogen inactivation (Matak et al, 2005;Groenewald et al, 2013). However, if sufficient turbulence is introduced into the liquid, all material is exposed to the surface of the UV source therefore overcoming the limited penetration of the UV irradiation (Alberini et al, 2015). The Sure Pure Turbulator (EP-1255444B1) is designed to create turbulent flow and has been successfully used to pasteurize opaque liquids like fruit juices, wine (Keyser et al, 2008;Fredericks et al, 2011) and milk (Donaghy et al, 2009).…”

Subcritical transition to turbulence in a sudden circular pipe expansion

“…The flow of a viscous fluid in a cylindrical expansion pipe has been studied for practical reasons in mechanical engineering (Rennels & Hudson 2012), food processing (Alberini et al 2015) and also in biomedical applications (Vétel et al 2008). Although major researches of pipe flow had been conducted in straight pipe, many practical pipe facilities are not straight but have bends, expansions, contractions and so on.…”