Validation of leaf ozone symptoms in natural vegetation using microscopical methods

Vollenweider, Pierre; Ottiger, M; Günthardt‐Goerg, Madeleine S.

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00412-8

Cited by 137 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Th e criteria to identify the HR-like response according to the same authors are the absence of pathogens, restriction of the PCD to a small group of cells, rupture of the cell contents, collapse of the cell walls, and incomplete degradation of the cell as a consequence of fast cell death. Such symptoms were observed in Ipomoea nil and turned up being very similar to the results reported by Vollenweider et al (2003) in Robinina pseudoacacia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Since visible symptoms are preceded by microscopic changes (Vollenweider et al 2003), we hypothesized that Ipomoea nil exposed to ozone might manifest structural responses being useful to validate the stress induced by O 3 . We also aimed to improve the knowledge about Ipomoea nil, describing and comparing the microscopic damages in leaves with and without visible symptoms exposed to controlled O 3 levels and at a polluted site in São Paulo city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural responses of Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth 'Scarlet O'Hara' (Convolvulaceae) exposed to ozone

2011

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) is an important photochemical pollutant due to its high reactivity and phytotoxicity. Plants can show microscopic damage caused by this gas before the detection of visible symptoms. Th e present study aimed to improve our knowledge concerning the eff ects of O 3 on Ipomoea nil L. cv. Scarlet O'Hara leaves. Plants were exposed at a pollutant site in São Paulo city, with high levels of O 3, and fumigation with O 3 was also carried out. In plants exposed to the environment, without visible symptoms, hypersensitive response-like (HR-like) and protrusions in the cell walls was observed, indicating oxidative processes; in leaves with visible symptoms, there is epidermis breakdown and the palisade and spongy parenchyma collapse. Fumigation confi rmed that microscopic damage occurring in the plants exposed to the environment was linked to the symptoms caused by O 3 . Th ese results demonstrate that Ipomoea nil responds to stress induced by O 3 with specifi c structural changes that precede visible symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural responses of Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth 'Scarlet O'Hara' (Convolvulaceae) exposed to ozone

2011

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“…Pectinaceous and polysaccharidic extrusions also result from the breakdown of the middle lamella. These projections have been reported in several species exposed to O 3 in fumigation chambers or in the field (e.g., Calatayud et al, 2011;Vollenweider et al, 2003), but are not specific of O 3 as they can be induced by other stress factors such as e.g. heavy metals (Günthardt-Goerg and Vollenweider, 2007).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 61%

“…Both are considered to be plant defence reactions against O 3 as well as other biotic and abiotic stresses (Sandermann et al, 1998;Vollenweider et al, 2003). OB triggers programmed death, leading to a cell collapse as observed in stippling areas in AA and PO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated ozone on physiological, anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics of four common urban tree species in China

Gao

Calatayud

García‐Breijo

et al. 2016

Ecological Indicators

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a b s t r a c tFast urbanization has led to ozone (O 3 ) being the main pollutant in summer in most of China. To assess future ground-level O 3 effects on the service of urban greening species and clarify the underlying mechanism of O 3 damage, four common urban greening species, Ailanthus altissima (AA), Fraxinus chinensis (FC), Platanus orientalis (PO) and Robinia pseudoacacia (RP) were exposed to non-filtered air (NF) and to elevated O 3 (E-O 3 ) in open-top chambers. E-O 3 induced visible injury in all species as well as microscopic alterations such as collapse of the palisade parenchyma cells, callose accumulation, or chloroplast and mitochondrial accelerated senescence. E-O 3 significantly reduced light-saturated CO 2 assimilation (A sat ), the maximum activity of Rubisco (Vc max ), the maximum electron transport rate (J max ), and fluorescence parameters such as the quantum yield of noncyclic electron transport ( PSII ), and the quenching of photochemical efficiency of PSII (qP). It also increased total antioxidant capacity, phenolics and ascorbate contents. No significant interaction between O 3 and species was found in photosynthetic performance and antioxidant systems, suggesting that the four species selected were sensitive to O 3 . Of all four species, AA was the most sensitive species due to a combination of earlier injury onset, anatomical features, lower antioxidant responses and higher stomatal conductance. The sensitivity of tree species to O 3 is a factor to be considered for urban greening. Ozone may affect important urban forest ecosystem services by reducing CO 2 assimilation.

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“…The highest values of severity and IIF occurred in the exposures of Autumn 2007 and Spring 2007 (table 2). In Spring 2008, the leaves that had injuries fell before the end of the exposure period, possibly due to the acceleration of cell senescence that is induced by O 3 (Vollenweider et al 2003). Leaf loss only in this exposure and not in those with the highest O 3 accumulated concentration is also possibly due to the different absorbed concentrations of O 3 , which vary all the time, as demonstrated by Assis et al (2015), which measured O 3 stomatal flux in this species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Meteorological conditions, ozone concentration and leaf age affect gas exchange in Psidium guajava ‛Palumaʼ

Pina

Meirelles

Moraes

2017

Hoehnea

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-(Meteorological conditions, ozone concentration, and leaf age affect gas exchange in Psidium guajava ‛Paluma'). This study aimed to investigate the importance of leaf age, meteorological conditions and ozone concentration (O 3 ) on gas exchange of Psidium guajava ‛Paluma'. Saplings were grown and exposed in standard conditions in the city of São Paulo, in six periods of three months with weekly measurements in young and mature leaves. Gas exchanges were higher in young leaves for almost the entire experiment. Mature leaves showed greater reduction in gas exchange. The multivariate analysis of biotic and abiotic variables indicated that vapor pressure deficit (VPD), O 3 concentration and radiation were the main variables associated with gas exchange decrease in young leaves. In mature leaves the influence of VPD is lower, but the temperature importance is higher. Moreover, the opposition between assimilation and O 3 is more evident in mature leaves, indicating their greater sensitivity to O 3 . Keywords: carbon assimilation, ozone phytotoxicity, stomatal conductance RESUMO -(Condições meteorológicas, concentração de ozônio e idade da folha afetam as trocas gasosas em Psidium guajava 'Paluma'). Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência da idade da folha, das condições meteorológicas e da concentração do ozônio (O 3 ) nas trocas gasosas em Psidium guajava 'Paluma'. Plantas jovens foram cultivadas e expostas de modo padronizado na cidade de São Paulo, SP, em seis períodos de três meses, com medidas semanais em folhas jovens e maduras. As trocas gasosas foram mais altas nas folhas jovens durante quase todo o experimento. As folhas maduras apresentaram maior redução das trocas gasosas. A análise multivariada das variáveis bióticas e abióticas indicou que o déficit de pressão de vapor (DPV), a concentração de O 3 e a radiação foram as principais variáveis associadas à redução das trocas gasosas nas folhas jovens. Nas folhas maduras a influencia do DPV é menor, mas a da temperatura é maior. Por outro lado, a oposição entre assimilação e O 3 é mais evidente nas folhas maduras, indicando sua maior sensibilidade ao O 3 . Palavras-chave: assimilação de carbono, condutância estomática, fitotoxicidade do ozônio

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Validation of leaf ozone symptoms in natural vegetation using microscopical methods

Cited by 137 publications

References 55 publications

Structural responses of Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth 'Scarlet O'Hara' (Convolvulaceae) exposed to ozone

Structural responses of Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth 'Scarlet O'Hara' (Convolvulaceae) exposed to ozone

Effects of elevated ozone on physiological, anatomical and ultrastructural characteristics of four common urban tree species in China

Meteorological conditions, ozone concentration and leaf age affect gas exchange in Psidium guajava ‛Palumaʼ

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