Validation of monolithic interconnection conductivity in laser scribed CIGS thin-film solar cells

Markauskas, Edgaras; Gečys, Paulius; Žemaitis, Andrius; Gedvilas, Mindaugas; Račiukaitis, Gediminas

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2015.06.042

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[25,26] Several publications show different hybrid modularization approaches partly using the inkjet technology to apply dielectric and conductive inks. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] These printing technologies are able to achieve competitive throughputs with a proven track record of industrial application in numerous sectors. The dispensing (DIS) approach is an alternative promising printing technology to SP and inkjet printing to apply the metal grid on TCO surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CIGS Mini‐Modules with Dispensed Metallization on Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer

et al. 2020

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This article presents the application of a parallel dispensing device for low‐temperature silver paste metallization on transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers of Cu(In1 − xGax)Se2 (CIGS) substrates as an alternative metallization technology to screen printing and inkjet printing. A curing variation experiment is performed to analyze the effect of different curing conditions on the resulting contact resistivity of the metal grid. Contact resistivity values below 5 mΩcm2 are achieved. Furthermore, CIGS mini‐modules are metallized with three different low‐temperature paste formulations obtaining a record core finger geometry of 25 μm and an average optical aspect ratio of 0.46 using 25 μm nozzle openings. The dispensed metal grid on the TCO layers achieves the comparable current density values of jsc = 32.2 mA cm−2 and the open‐circuit voltages values per cell of Voc = 672 mV as the screen printed metal grid on CIGS mini‐modules and, hence, a nominal power of 2.05 W. The metal grid enables the use of broader cell widths compared with grid‐free CIGS samples and results in a reduced dead area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CIGS Mini‐Modules with Dispensed Metallization on Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer

et al. 2020

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“…Here, transitioning from ns-pulsed lasers to ps-pulsed lasers for ablation provides advantages, enabling both narrower and more uniform scribing due to reduced thermal effects [1][2][3][4][5]. This also reduces unintended deposition of ablated materials on scribe sidewalls, which unmitigated create shunting pathways [4,5]. Other authors report IC width down to 250 µm using a combination of pulsed-laser and optimized mechanical scribing [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed interconnects for photovoltaic modules

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Horowitz

et al. 2017

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Film-based photovoltaic modules employ monolithic interconnects to minimize resistance loss and enhance module voltage via series connection. Conventional interconnect construction occurs sequentially, with a scribing step following deposition of the bottom electrode, a second scribe after deposition of absorber and intermediate layers, and a third following deposition of the top electrode. This method produces interconnect widths of about 300 µm, and the area comprised by interconnects within a module (generally about 3 %) does not contribute to power generation. The present work reports on an increasingly popular strategy capable of reducing the interconnect width to less than 100 µm: printing interconnects. Cost modeling projects a savings of about $0.02/watt for CdTe module production through the use of printed interconnects, with savings coming from both reduced capital expense and increased module power output. Printed interconnect demonstrations with copper-indium-gallium-diselenide and cadmiumtelluride solar cells show successful voltage addition and miniaturization down to 250 µm. Material selection guidelines and considerations for commercialization are discussed.

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“…The studies conducted by the authors on electrical parameters were performed under typical STC (standard test conditions) laboratory conditions for the AM1.5G spectrum according to the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC 60904-1 [4,35]. Both current and voltage parameters of the cells and obtained characteristics are dependent on the length of the cutting edge and on other variables, such as layout and continuity of contacts, crystallization, and thickness of the active layers and surface area relative to the areas under the probes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each cycle, only a small part of the material is removed (from 1 to 2 µm), and depending on the thickness, the process is repeated from 50 to 300 times. Although, it should be taken into account that each laser modification causes local thermal changes in structure related to the thermal nature of laser ablation [24,35]. To observe such changes the authors have chosen microscopic research, because in tomography research, the tested material should not be opaque for light [36][37][38].…”

Section: Laser Shaping Of Photovoltaic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Laser-Shaped Photovoltaic Cells

et al. 2020

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The main aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of laser shaping of the photovoltaic cell based on its efficiency. The authors described both process of the monocrystalline photovoltaic cell manufacturing, its efficiency, and the possibilities of usage in architecture and the process of creating the photovoltaic cells of unconventional shapes by using laser technology. A method for cutting photovoltaic cells using a fiber laser was presented as well as the parameters of the laser cutting process. The described method allows cutting the massively produced silicon cells according to the predetermined trajectory. Using the proposed process parameters, satisfactory cutting edge quality, and negligible impact of the laser beam on changes in the structure of the photovoltaic cell active layers were achieved. In each cycle of structure cutting, only a small part of the material is removed (from 1 to 2 μm), and depending on the thickness, the process is repeated from 50 to 300 times. It has been shown that the efficiency of the modified cells depends on the ratio of their surface area to the laser cutting line.

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Validation of monolithic interconnection conductivity in laser scribed CIGS thin-film solar cells

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

CIGS Mini‐Modules with Dispensed Metallization on Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer

CIGS Mini‐Modules with Dispensed Metallization on Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer

Printed interconnects for photovoltaic modules

Efficiency of Laser-Shaped Photovoltaic Cells

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