Validation of NACB and IFCC guidelines for the use of cardiac markers for early diagnosis and risk assessment in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Möckel, Martin; Gerhardt, W.; Heller, Günther; Klefisch, Frank; Danne, O.; Maske, Jakob; Müller, Christian; Störk, T.; Frei, Ulrich; Wu, Alan H.B.

doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(00)00396-x

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Compared to myoglobin and creatine-kinase-MB, cTnI is more sensitive and specific to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [ 2 ]. As such, it has been recommended as a fundamental cardiac marker for the diagnosis of AMI [ 3 ]. Therefore, developing a convenient assay for cTnI detection, in line with rapid and accurate early detection requirements, is very useful for heart-disease prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres

Cai

Kang²,

et al. 2018

Molecules

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A reliable lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on a facile one-step synthesis of single microspheres in combining with immunochromatography technique was developed to establish a new point-of-care test (POCT) for the rapid and early detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a kind of cardiac specific biomarker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The double layered microspheres with clear core-shell structures were produced using soap-free emulsion polymerization method with inexpensive compounds (styrene and acrylic acid). The synthetic process was simple, rapid and easy to control due to one-step synthesis without any complicated procedures. The microspheres are nanostructure with high surface area, which have numerous carboxyl groups on the out layer, resulting in high-efficiency coupling between the carrier and antibody via amide bond. Meanwhile, the red fluorescent dye, Nile-red (NR), was wrapped inside the microspheres to improve its stability, as well to reduce the background noise, because of its higher emission wavelength than interference from real plasma samples. The core-shell structures provided different functional areas to separate antibody and dyes, so the immunoassay has highly sensitive, wide working curves in the range of 0–40 ng/mL, low limits of detection (LOD) at 0.016 ng/mL, and limits of quantification (LOQ) at 0.087 ng/mL with coefficient of variations (CV) of 10%. This strategy suggested an outstanding platform for LFIA, with good reproducibility and stability to straightforwardly analyze the plasma samples without washing steps, thereby reducing the operating procedures for non-professionals and promoting detection efficiency. The whole detection process can be completed in less than 15 min. This novel immunoassay offers a reliable and favorable analytical result by detecting the real samples, indicating that it holds great potential as a new alternative for biomolecule detection in complex samples, for the early detection of cardiac specific biomarkers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres

Cai

Kang²,

et al. 2018

Molecules

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“…These markers have high sensitivity and high negative predictive value. A combined analysis of these two markers can discern injury to the myocardium after AMI onset . Therefore, the myoglobin-specific monoclonal primary antibody antimyoglobin 7C3 and H-FABP-specific monoclonal primary antibody anti-H-FABP 10E1 were, respectively, coupled with azo compounds (for the detailed information on their synthesis, see the Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A combined analysis of these two markers can discern injury to the myocardium after AMI onset. 46 Therefore, the myoglobin-specific monoclonal primary antibody antimyoglobin 7C3 and H-FABP-specific monoclonal primary antibody anti-H-FABP 10E1 were, respectively, coupled with azo compounds (for the detailed information on their synthesis, see the Supporting Information). To prevent azo groups from wrapping in the biomacromolecules as well as to decrease nonspecific biofouling during the immunoassay, 47 a long PEG spacer was introduced in the azo compound structure before the primary cardiac antibodies were grafted onto them.…”

Section: Nucleophilic Substitution Of Terminal Bromide Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Reversible Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfaces via Host–Guest Chemistry and Their Repeated Utilization in Cardiac Biomarker Analysis

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2011

Anal. Chem.

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On the basis of the host-guest interactions between azobenzenes and cyclodextrins, a new strategy for the preparation of a dually functionalized poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surface was investigated using surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) and click chemistry. The PDMS substrates were first oxidized in a H(2)SO(4)/H(2)O(2) solution to transform the surface Si-CH(3) groups into Si-OH groups. Then, the SI-ATRP initiator 3-(2-bromoisobutyramido)propyl(trime-thoxy)silane was grafted onto the substrates through a silanization reaction. Sequentially, the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) units were introduced onto the PDMS-Br surfaces via SI-ATRP reaction using oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate. Afterward, the bromide groups on the surface were converted to azido groups via nucleophilic substitution reaction with NaN(3). Finally, the azido-grafted PDMS surfaces were subjected to a click reaction with alkynyl and PEG-modified β-cyclodextrins, resulting in the grafting of cyclodextrins onto the PDMS surfaces. The composition and chemical state of the modified surfaces were characterized via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the stability and dynamic characteristics of the cyclodextrin-modified PDMS substrates were investigated via attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and temporal contact angle experiments. The surface morphology of the modified PDMS surfaces was characterized through imaging using a multimode atomic force microscope. A protein adsorption assay using Alexa Fluor594-labeled bovine serum albumin, Alexa Fluor594-labeled chicken egg albumin, and FITC-labeled lysozyme shows that the prepared PDMS surfaces possess good protein-repelling properties. On-surface studies on the interactions between azobenzenes and the cyclodextrin-modified surfaces reveal that the reversible binding of azobenzene to the cyclodextrin-modified PDMS surfaces and its subsequent release can be reversibly controlled using UV irradiation. Sandwich fluoroimmunoassay of the cardiac markers myoglobin and fatty acid-binding protein demonstrates that the cyclodextrin-modified PDMS surfaces can be repeatedly utilized in disease biomarker analysis.

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“…Furthermore, a combined analysis of these two markers can specifically discern an injury to the myocardium after AMI onset. 20,21 Therefore these two markers are suitable for an early rapid screening test for an AMI diagnosis with a high sensitivity and a high negative predictive value. 22 The technique commonly used for the analysis of disease biomarkers is an immunoassay based on the reaction between an antibody to the biomarker and the antigen (biomarker) itself.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the use of smaller proteins would lead to earlier detection. , Studies have shown that myoglobin (17.8 kDa) and FABP (15 kDa) are two relatively small proteins that show elevated levels in the bloodstream shortly after an acute myocardial infarction. Furthermore, a combined analysis of these two markers can specifically discern an injury to the myocardium after AMI onset. , Therefore these two markers are suitable for an early rapid screening test for an AMI diagnosis with a high sensitivity and a high negative predictive value …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugation of Biomolecules with Magnetic Protein Microspheres for the Assay of Early Biomarkers Associated with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Wang

Ren

et al. 2009

Anal. Chem.

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This study demonstrates an improved magnetic protein microsphere-aided sandwich fluoroimmunoassay for the analysis of myoglobin and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), early protein markers associated with acute myocardial infarction. In preparation for the assay we constructed superparamagnetic human serum albumin (HSA)/gamma-Fe(2)O(3) microspheres, and grafted capture antibodies (monoclonal antimyoglobin 7C3 and anti-H-FABP 10E1) onto the protein microspheres using the avidin-biotin system. Then the antibody-carrying microspheres were used in a sequential sandwich fluoroimmunoassay along with detection antibodies (Alexa fluor594-labeled antimyoglobin 4E2 and FITC-labeled anti-H-FABP 9F3). The magnetic HSA/gamma-Fe(2)O(3) microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and vibrating sample magnetometry. Fluorescence images of the post-immunoassay microspheres recorded using an inverted fluorescence microscope showed that the average fluorescence intensity was correlated with the concentration of cardiac markers, in agreement with the results obtained by an F-4500 FL spectrophotometer; this indicated that the fluoroimmunoassay could be used to semiquantitatively detect both myoglobin and H-FABP. The detection limit was 10 ng/mL for myoglobin and 1 ng/mL for H-FABP.

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Validation of NACB and IFCC guidelines for the use of cardiac markers for early diagnosis and risk assessment in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres

Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres

Fabrication of Reversible Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Surfaces via Host–Guest Chemistry and Their Repeated Utilization in Cardiac Biomarker Analysis

Conjugation of Biomolecules with Magnetic Protein Microspheres for the Assay of Early Biomarkers Associated with Acute Myocardial Infarction

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