Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder middle atmosphere water vapor and nitrous oxide measurements

Lambert, A.; Read, W. G.; Livesey, N. J.; Santee, M. L.; Manney, G. L.; Froidevaux, L.; Wu, Dong L.; Schwartz, M.; Pumphrey, Hugh C.; Jimenez, Chloé; Nedoluha, Gerald E.; Cofield, R. E.; Cuddy, D.; Daffer, W. H.; Drouin, Brian J.; Fuller, R. A.; Jarnot, R. F.; Knosp, B.; Pickett, H. M.; Perun, V. S.; Snyder, W. Van; Stek, P. C.; Thurstans, R. P.; Wagner, Paul; Waters, J. W.; Jucks, K. W.; Toon, G. C.; Stachnik, R. A.; Bernath, P. F.; Boone, C. D.; Walker, Kaley A.; Urban, Joachim; Murtagh, Donal; Elkins, James W.; Atlas, Elliot L.

doi:10.1029/2007jd008724

Cited by 288 publications

(375 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This record is formed from a combination of measurements from various limb and solar occultation satellite instruments from 1984 to 2015, namely SAGE-II/III, UARS HALOE (Harries et al, 1996;Bruhl et al, 1996), UARS MLS, and Aura MLS (Lambert et al, 2007) instruments. The measurements are homogenized by applying corrections that are calculated from data taken during time periods of instrument overlap.…”

Section: Data and Radiative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The radiative role of ozone and water vapour in the annual temperature cycle in the tropical tropopause layer

Ming¹,

Maycock²,

Hitchcock³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The structure and amplitude of the radiative contributions of the annual cycles in ozone and water vapour to the prominent annual cycle in temperatures in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) are considered. This is done initially through a seasonally evolving fixed dynamical heating (SEFDH) calculation. The annual cycle in ozone is found to drive significant temperature changes predominantly locally (in the vertical) and roughly in phase with the observed TTL annual cycle. In contrast, temperature changes driven by the annual cycle in water vapour are out of phase with the latter. The effects are weaker than those of ozone but still quantitatively significant, particularly near the cold point (100 to 90 hPa) where there are substantial non-local effects from variations in water vapour in lower layers of the TTL. The combined radiative heating effect of the annual cycles in ozone and water vapour maximizes above the cold point and is one factor contributing to the vertical structure of the amplitude of the annual cycle in lower-stratospheric temperatures, which has a relatively localized maximum around 70 hPa. Other important factors are identified here: radiative damping timescales, which are shown to maximize over a deep layer centred on the cold point; the vertical structure of the dynamical heating; and non-radiative processes in the upper troposphere that are inferred to impose a strong constraint on tropical temperature perturbations below 130 hPa. The latitudinal structure of the radiative contributions to the annual cycle in temperatures is found to be substantially modified when the SEFDH assumption is relaxed and the dynamical response, as represented by a zonally symmetric calculation, is taken into account. The effect of the dynamical response is to reduce the strong latitudinal gradients and interhemispheric asymmetry seen in the purely radiative SEFDH temperature response, while leaving the 20 • N-20 • S average response relatively unchanged. The net contribution of the annual ozone and water vapour cycles to the peak-to-peak amplitude in the annual cycle of TTL temperatures is found to be around 35 % of the observed 8 K at 70 hPa, 40 % of 6 K at 90 hPa, and 45 % of 3 K at 100 hPa. The primary sensitivity of the calculated magnitude of the temperature response is identified as the assumed annual mean ozone mixing ratio in the TTL.

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Section: Data and Radiative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The radiative role of ozone and water vapour in the annual temperature cycle in the tropical tropopause layer

Ming¹,

Maycock²,

Hitchcock³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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show abstract

“…The vertical resolution of the MLS O 3 measurements at 10 hPa is ∼ 3 km. The N 2 O measurements have been validated by Lambert et al (2007) and have a vertical resolution of ∼ 4 km. Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) MLS measurements of O 3 are available from 1991 to 1999, and were validated by Froidevaux et al (1996) for the v2.2 retrievals and by Livesey et al (2003) for the v5 retrievals.…”

Section: Satellite Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual stratospheric ozone anomalies observed in 22 years of measurements from Lauder, New Zealand

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The Microwave Ozone Profiling Instrument (MOPI1) has provided ozone (O 3 ) profiles for the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) at Lauder, New Zealand (45.0 • S, 169.7 • E), since 1992. We present the entire 22-year data set and compare with satellite O 3 observations. We study in detail two particularly interesting variations in O 3 . The first is a large positive O 3 anomaly that occurs in the mid-stratosphere (∼ 10-30 hPa) in June 2001, which is caused by an anticyclonic circulation that persists for several weeks over Lauder. This O 3 anomaly is associated with the most equatorward June average tracer equivalent latitude (TrEL) over the 36-year period for which the Modern Era RetrospectiveAnalysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalysis is available. A second, longer-lived feature, is a positive O 3 anomaly in the mid-stratosphere (∼ 10 hPa) from mid-2009 until mid-2013. Coincident measurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) show that these high O 3 mixing ratios are well correlated with high nitrous oxide (N 2 O) mixing ratios. This correlation suggests that the high O 3 over this 4-year period is driven by unusual dynamics. The beginning of the high O 3 and high N 2 O period at Lauder (and throughout this latitude band) occurs nearly simultaneously with a sharp decrease in O 3 and N 2 O at the equator, and the period ends nearly simultaneously with a sharp increase in O 3 and N 2 O at the equator.

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“…Herein we use the MLS version 4.2 products (Livesey 10 et al, 2017). For the vertical range relevant for PSCs, the MLS version 4.2 measurements have typical single-profile precisions (accuracies) of 4-15% (4-7%) for H 2 O Lambert et al, 2007) and 0.6 ppbv (1-2 ppbv) for HNO 3 . Vertical and horizontal along-track resolutions are 3.1-3.5 km and 180-290 km for H 2 O, and 3.5-5.5 km and 400-550 km for HNO 3 .…”

Section: Aura Mlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polar stratospheric cloud climatology based on CALIPSO spaceborne lidar measurements from 2006–2017

Pitts¹,

Poole²,

Gonzalez³

2018

Preprint

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Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder middle atmosphere water vapor and nitrous oxide measurements

Cited by 288 publications

References 49 publications

The radiative role of ozone and water vapour in the annual temperature cycle in the tropical tropopause layer

The radiative role of ozone and water vapour in the annual temperature cycle in the tropical tropopause layer

Unusual stratospheric ozone anomalies observed in 22 years of measurements from Lauder, New Zealand

Polar stratospheric cloud climatology based on CALIPSO spaceborne lidar measurements from 2006–2017

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