Validation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile in the Clinical Setting

Ballantyne, Marilyn; Stevens, Bonnie; McAllister, Mary; Dionne, Kim Yi; Jack, Anne

doi:10.1097/00002508-199912000-00006

Cited by 229 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Total score equal to or lower than six is considered as no pain or minimal pain and a score greater than 12 is classified as moderate or intense pain. The PIPP was validated for sensibility and specificity and it is adequate to assess pain in newborn infants undergoing procedures and to diagnose pain in full term and preterm newborn infants (3)(4) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimensionamento da dor durante a instalação do cateter central de inserção periférica em neonatos

et al. 2010

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Objective: To measure pain in neonates during placement of central line catheter via peripheral insertion by comparing pain at the moment of the introduction of the catheter and pain at the progression of the catheter. Methods: This was a descriptive exploratory study with 28 neonates from a large teaching hospital in Sao Paulo city. Data were collected with the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) 15 seconds prior the initial introduction of the catheter, during the initial introduction of the catheter (30 seconds), and during the progression of the catheter (30 seconds). Results: The majority of neonates (59.1%) had a score e" 7 on the PIPP, moderate to high pain intensity, during the initial introduction of the catheter. A greater number of neonates (45.5%) who did not receive analgesic or sedative medication had score e" 7 on the PIPP, moderate to high pain intensity, during the progression of the catheter. Conclusion: There is a need for adoption of use of analgesic medication in the neonatal unit, since neonates often undergo invasive and painful procedures. Key words: Neonatal Nursing; Measurement of Pain; Neonatal Critical Care Unit. RESUMOObjetivo: Dimensionar a dor durante a instalação do cateter central de inserção periférica, comparando o momento da punção venosa com a progressão do cateter. Métodos: Estudo descritivo exploratório com coleta prospectiva dos dados realizado na unidade neonatal de um hospital-escola de grande porte da cidade de São Paulo. Avaliou-se a resposta dolorosa ao procedimento de inserção do cateter em 28 neonatos utilizando-se a escala Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) nas etapas de pré-punção (15 segundos), punção venosa (30 segundos) e progressão do cateter (30 segundos). Resultados: O escore PIPP maior ou igual a sete, indicativo de dor moderada a intensa, ocorreu em 13 RN (59,1%) na primeira punção venosa e 10 RN (45,5%) na progressão do cateter do grupo que não recebeu analgésico ou sedativo. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de se adotar medidas analgésicas, uma vez que neonatos internados em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal são freqüentemente submetidos a procedimentos invasivos e dolorosos. Descritores: Enfermagem neonatal; Medição de dor; Terapia intensiva neonatal. RESUMENObjetivo: Medir la intensidad del dolor durante la instalación del catéter central de inserción periférica, comparando el momento de la punción venosa con la progresión del catéter. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo exploratorio con recolección prospectiva de los datos realizado en la unidad neonatal de un hospital-escuela de gran porte de la ciudad de Sao Paulo. Se evaluó la respuesta dolorosa al procedimiento de inserción del catéter en 28 neonatos, utilizándose la escala Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) en las etapas de pre-punción (15 segundos), punción venosa (30 segundos) y progresión del catéter (30 segundos). Resultados: El puntaje PIPP mayor o igual a siete, indicativo de dolor moderado a intenso ocurrió en 13 RN (59,1%) en la primera punción venosa y 10 RN ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, neonates' painful response to heel lance and venepuncture were assessed by two researchers in the clinical setting and later through video recording by two experts in neonatal facial coding, with excellent inter and intrarater reliability (4) , corroborating for application in the clinical practice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensionamento da dor durante a instalação do cateter central de inserção periférica em neonatos

et al. 2010

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“…Results indicated the appropriate validation and excellent intra and inter-observers agreement degree for the use of the instrument in a clinical scenario. 11 In order to validate its employment in measuring post-surgery pain, a study was performed with the objective of comparing the convergent validity of PIPP and Crying, Requires oxygen to keep saturation>95%, Increased vital signs, Expression, Sleepless Scale (CRIES), 12 an instrument specifically developed for postsurgery pain assessment. A total of 51 NBs at the gestational age between 28 and 42 weeks were included in this study and results demonstrated both instruments as valid for assessing pain in the first 72 hours after surgery for premature and full term NBs'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 Therefore, through its initial validation and later studies, the instrument demonstrated robust psychometric properties: moderate internal consistency (α=0.59-0.76), appropriate intra (α=0.89-0.91) and inter (α=0.95-0.97) observers agreement, in addition to adequate construct validity. [10][11]13 Moreover, PIPP psychometric adequacy was proved in a study evaluating 62 publications, related to the instrument, from which 14 tested the PIPP psychometric properties. 14 This scale is frequently employed in studies for the development of new instruments for neonatal pain assessment, as convergent validity is tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation and adaptation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile into Brazilian Portuguese

Bueno

Costa²,

Arantes³

et al. 2013

Texto contexto - enferm.

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fumiko@usp.br ABSTRACT:The study aimed to translate and to adapt a version of the Premature Infant Pain Profile into the Brazilian Portuguese language. This is a cross-sectional and methodological study for the validation of a translated version of a tool. The process was conducted in four stages: initial translation, synthesis, back-translation, and analysis by experts. Four independent versions of the instrument translated into Brazilian Portuguese were produced. Based on these initial translations, a synthesis version was developed. Two back-translated versions were independently produced, and none showed major differences compared to the original instrument. An expert committee reviewed the summary version and the back-translations with respect to semantic and idiomatic equivalence. The committee considered the translation into Brazilian Portuguese as appropriate. Therefore, the Perfil de Dor no Recém-Nascido Pré-termo was considered adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, for research purposes and for clinical practice. It will contribute to the internationalization of research results in Brazil. DESCRIPTORS:Neonate. Pain. Pain assessment. Nursing. TRADUÇÃO E ADAPTAÇÃO DO PREMATURE INFANT PAIN PROFILEPARA A LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA RESUMO: O estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar a versão do Premature Infant Pain Profile para a língua portuguesa adotada no Brasil. Trata-se de estudo transversal de caráter metodológico para validação de tradução de instrumento. O processo foi conduzido em quatro etapas: tradução inicial, síntese, retrotradução e análise por juízes. Foram elaboradas quatro versões independentes do instrumento traduzido para o português. Posteriormente, uma versão síntese foi produzida com base nas traduções anteriores. A seguir, duas retrotraduções foram elaboradas independentemente e nenhuma destas apresentou discrepâncias importantes em relação ao instrumento original. Um comitê de juízes analisou a versão síntese e as retrotraduções com relação à equivalência semântica e idiomática e julgou adequada a versão do instrumento em língua portuguesa. Assim, o Perfil de Dor no Recém-Nascido Pré-termo foi considerado adaptado à língua portuguesa do Brasil, para aplicação em pesquisa e na prática clínica, o contribuirá, especialmente, para a internacionalização de pesquisas brasileiras. DESCRITORES:Recém-nascido. Dor. Avaliação da dor. Enfermagem. TRADUCIÓN Y ADAPTACIÓN DEL PREMATURE INFANT PAIN PROFILE AL PORTUGUÉSRESUMEN: El objetivo del estudio fue traducir y adaptar la versión del Premature Infant Pain Profile para el portugués de Brasil. Es un estudio transversal y metodológico para validación de la tradición de instrumento. El proceso se llevó a cabo en cuatro etapas: traducción inicial, síntesis, retraducción y análisis por jueces. Se establecieron cuatro versiones distintas del instrumento traducido al portugués y una versión sintética fue producida a partir de traducciones anteriores. Posteriormente, dos versiones fueron retraduccidas independientemente y no mostraron diferencias importantes del original. ...

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“…Various pain scores now make it possible to assess and grade the effects of analgesia in the neonate. [4][5][6] The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP), the assessment measure developed specifically for preterm neonates with the most validation studies in this population, 7 includes assessment of facial expression as well as physiological measures in the context of GA and neonatal state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of topical anesthesia and age on pain scores during retinopathy of prematurity screening

2010

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Objective: The efficacy of topical anesthesia during retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening has been a controversial issue. To determine the efficacy of proparacaine eye drops (0.5%), we compared the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) scores in 40 preterm infants undergoing ROP screening.Study Design: Prospective randomized double masked cross-over clinical trial. The study was conducted in the neonatal intensive units for infants undergoing routine ROP screening exams. Baseline PIPP scores and post-examination PIPP scores at 1 and 5 min were compared for: (1) those receiving saline vs proparacaine eye drops (2) first ROP screening vs second ROP screening, regardless of the type of eye drops used. Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to pair pain scores.Result: Forty preterm infants were included in the study. Mean gestational age (GA) at first and second examinations was 33.3 and 35.3 weeks, respectively. Proparacaine use significantly lowered mean PIPP scores (P ¼ 0.027) and delta scores (P ¼ 0.013) at 1 min after examination, but there was no difference at 5 min after examination. Second examinations showed significantly lower mean PIPP scores after examination (1 min (P ¼ 0.003) and 5 min (P ¼ 0.025)), regardless of the type of drop used.Conclusion: Proparacaine eye drops offer significant relief of pain that is apparently short lived. Significantly lower PIPP scores at second ROP examinations suggested that infants of older GA may have a greater ability to tolerate ROP screening. We recommend the use of proparacaine eye drops for the short term, immediate relief of pain during ROP screening in preterm infants of lesser GA.

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Validation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile in the Clinical Setting

Abstract: This study demonstrates that the PIPP is a pain measure with good construct validity and excellent inter- and intrarater reliability for the assessment of procedural pain of preterm and term infants in clinical settings.

Cited by 229 publications

References 20 publications

Dimensionamento da dor durante a instalação do cateter central de inserção periférica em neonatos

Dimensionamento da dor durante a instalação do cateter central de inserção periférica em neonatos

Translation and adaptation of the Premature Infant Pain Profile into Brazilian Portuguese

Effect of topical anesthesia and age on pain scores during retinopathy of prematurity screening

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