Validity and accuracy of body fat prediction equations using anthropometrics measurements in adolescents

Ripka, Wagner Luis; Orsso, Camila E.; Haqq, Andrea M.; Prado, Carla M.; Ulbricht, Leandra; Leite, Neiva

doi:10.1007/s40519-020-00918-3

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The novelty of this estimator is the sex consideration that decreases the rate of misclassi cation of relative fat mass with a more precise diagnosis of obesity/ adiposity in females. This equation has been tested in other parts of the world (43,44) in adult populations but also in adolescents (45). In our study the initial correlation to BMI as the major standard criterion for overweight and obesity classi cation, was signi cant, clearly in the whole sample and Normal weight groups, but in Overweight and Obese ones the degree of correlation slightly decreased, in agreement with the next multiple regression comment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Trunk Fat Estimation According To Gender In Childhood Through Basic Somatic Readings. An Opportunity for Improving Girl’S Evaluation

Moya

Pérez‐Fernández

2021

Preprint

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Background: Easy appraisal of trunk fat and the eventual cardiometabolic risk of pediatric obesity is a present requirement. Its estimators Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) and Relative Fat Mass pediatric (RFMp, expressed as % of total fat content), can be a complement of widely accepted BMI.Methods: 472 children (39% boys), classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese (Nutritional groups, NG) according to BMI Z-score after their strictly obtained anthropometric initial data, with ad hoc exclusion criteria. Calculation of WHtR and RFMp was done for each nutritional group and sex, as associations through multiple linear regression (MLR) and differences among sexes (medians, IQR).Results: Age (mean (95% CI)), 10.8 y (10.1- 11.1). Estimators values in: All group WHtR 0.5 (0.49 – 0.51), RFMp% 32.3 (31.7 – 33.0); Underweight, WHtR 0.41 (0.40 – 0.41), RFMp (%) 22.8 (21.2 – 24.4); Normal weight, WHtR 0.46 (0.45 – 0.47), RFMp(%) 28.9 (28.1 – 29.7); Overweight, WHtR 0.51 (0.50 – 0.52), RFMp(%) 34.2 (33.3 – 35.1) and Obese WHtR 0.56 (0.55 – 0.57), RFMp(%) 37.8 (36.9 – 38.6). Associations (NG; independent variables): In NG adjusted R² values were between 0.74-0.78. In All group Beta coefficients were for RFMp 3.36 (P< 0.001) for girls; for waist circumference (WC 2.97 (P< 0.001) and for WHtR were respectively -0.01 (p< 0.001) and 0.03 (p< 0.001) Sex differences: BMI were in NG without gender differences (Mann-W’s U). Whereas WHtR (median IQR) differ (M vs F) respectively in: All group 0.49 (0.45 - 0.54) vs 0.52 (0.45 - 0.56), p<0.004; in Overweight 0.51 (0.48 – 0.53) vs 0.54 (0.51 – 0.55), p< 0.001; in Obese 0.55 (0.52 – 0.57) vs 0.57 (0.54 – 0.60), p< 0.004. RFMp (%): in All 29.21 (24.27 – 32.92) vs 36.63 (30.2 – 39.51), p< 0.001; in Overweight 31.24 (28.35 – 32.35) vs 37.95 (35.75 – 38.82), p<0.001 and in Obese 35.89 (32.05 – 36.15) vs 40.63 (38.27 – 42.42), p<0.001.Conclusions: WHtR and RFMp are simple and reliable indexes not requiring centile charts. Their values, including waist circumference, can estimate the different trunk fat component in boys and girls better than BMI, especially if overweight and obese. RFMp proved to be more reliable as it considers gender. Reasonably, both should be included in routine anthropometric readings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Trunk Fat Estimation According To Gender In Childhood Through Basic Somatic Readings. An Opportunity for Improving Girl’S Evaluation

Moya

Pérez‐Fernández

2021

Preprint

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“…The novelty of this estimator is the sex consideration, which decreases the rate of misclassification of relative fat mass due to a more precise diagnosis of obesity/adiposity in females. This equation has been tested in other parts of the world [50,51] in adult populations and in adolescents [52]. In our study, the initial correlation with BMI as the major standard criterion for overweight and obesity classification was significant in the whole sample and normal weight groups, but in the overweight and obese groups, the degree of correlation slightly decreased, which was in agreement with the next multiple regression finding.…”

Section: Relative Fat Mass-pediatric (Rfmp)supporting

confidence: 89%

Estimating trunk fat in children according to sex using basic somatic readings: an opportunity for improving evaluation among girls

Benavent

Pérez‐Fernández

2021

BMC Pediatr

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Background The fat mass estimators waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and relative fat mass—pediatric (RFMp) complement the widely accepted body mass index (BMI) in obesity evaluation. Aims of the Study: Conduct an easy appraisal of trunk fat and the cardiometabolic risk associated with pediatric obesity. Methods A total of 472 children (39% boys in the total sample) were classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese (nutritional groups, NGs) according to BMI Z-score after initial anthropometric data were obtained and ad hoc exclusion criteria were applied. WHtR and RFMp (% of total fat) were calculated for each group, associations were assessed through multiple linear regression (MLR), and differences between sexes were evaluated (medians, IQR). Results The mean age (mean (95% CI)) was 10.8 y (10.1–11.1). The values in the total sample were as follows: WHtR, 0.5 (0.49–0.51) and RFMp%, 32.3 (31.7–33.0). In the overweight group, the values were as follows: WHtR, 0.51 (0.50–0.52) and RFMp(%), 34.2 (33.3–35.1). In the obese group, the values were as follows: WHtR, 0.56 (0.55–0.57) and RFMp(%), 37.8 (36.9–38.6). The associations were as follows (NG; independent variables): In the NG, adjusted R2 values were between 0.74 and 0.78. In the total sample, the beta coefficient was 3.36 (P < 0.001) for RFMp for girls; for waist circumference (WC), the beta coefficient was 2.97 (P < 0.001), and for WHtR the beta coefficients were − 0.01 (p < 0.001) and 0.03 (p < 0.001),for girls and for WC respectively. The sex differences were as follows: BMI exhibited no differences in the NG (Mann-Whitney U). WHtR (median (IQR)) differed (M vs. F) in the total sample (0.49 (0.45–0.54) vs. 0.52 (0.45–0.56), p < 0.004); in the overweight group (0.51 (0.48–0.53) vs. 0.54 (0.51–0.55), p < 0.001); and in the obese group (0.55 (0.52–0.57) vs. 0.57 (0.54–0.60), p < 0.004). RFMp (%) differed in the total group (29.21 (24.27–32.92) vs. 36.63 (30.2–39.51), p < 0.001); in the overweight group (31.24 (28.35–32.35) vs. 37.95 (35.75–38.82), p < 0.001) and in the obese group (35.89 (32.05–36.15) vs. 40.63 (38.27–42.42), p < 0.001). Conclusions WHtR and RFMp are simple and reliable indices that do not require centile charts. Their values, including waist circumference, can be used to estimate the different trunk fat components in boys and girls better than BMI, especially if individuals are overweight or obese. RFMp proved to be more reliable as it considers sex. Both should be included in routine anthropometric readings.

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“…These results highlight that two of the more common forms of BC assessment do not agree in terms of evaluating adolescents. Several other studies support the same divergence between BC assessments in adolescents [43][44][45][46][47]. Consequently, the development and validation of the CBC scale provides a more psychometrically sound assessment of overall BC in adolescent boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Relationship between fitness performance and a newly developed continuous body composition score in U.S. adolescent boys

Hart¹

2020

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

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ObjectivesBody composition (BC) assessment typically requires the administration of a single test and can have different evaluation outcomes depending on the selected test and the specific population. The purpose of this study was twofold. Firstly, to develop and validate a novel continuous body composition (CBC) score using the continuous response model (CRM). Secondly, to examine the relationship between CBC scores and fitness performance.MethodsData from the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey (NNYFS) were used and consisted of n=212 adolescent boys 12–15 years of age. CBC scale variables included body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), calf circumference (CC), calf skinfold (CSF), triceps skinfold (TSF), and subscapular skinfold (SSF). Fitness performance variables included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF, mL/kg/min), leg strength (LS, lb), modified pull-ups (MPU, #), grip strength (GS, kg), and plank (PL, sec). Samejima’s CRM, factor analysis, convergent validity coefficients and score reliability were used to validate the CBC scale. Multinomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to examine the relationship between CBC scores and fitness performance variables.ResultsFactor analysis of the CBC scale variables retained a single factor (loadings >0.81, 88% explained variance) with strong internal consistency (α=0.96). The CRM analysis indicated all CBC scale variables fit a unidimensional construct with adequate discrimination (as: 0.71–2.16) and difficulty (bs: −0.04–1.44). CBC scores (Mean=0, SD=1.00) displayed strong reliability (SEE.θ=0.22, r.θ=0.95) with lower values representing smaller-more-lean individuals and higher values representing larger-less-lean individuals. All fully adjusted regression models showed significant (ps<0.05) negative relationships between CBC scores and CRF, MPU, and PL and positive relationships between CBC scores and LS and GS.ConclusionThe CRM-derived CBC score is a novel measure of BC and found to be positively associated with strength performance and negatively associated with endurance performance in U.S. adolescent boys.

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Validity and accuracy of body fat prediction equations using anthropometrics measurements in adolescents

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Trunk Fat Estimation According To Gender In Childhood Through Basic Somatic Readings. An Opportunity for Improving Girl’S Evaluation

Trunk Fat Estimation According To Gender In Childhood Through Basic Somatic Readings. An Opportunity for Improving Girl’S Evaluation

Estimating trunk fat in children according to sex using basic somatic readings: an opportunity for improving evaluation among girls

Relationship between fitness performance and a newly developed continuous body composition score in U.S. adolescent boys

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