Validity and Reliability of Methods for Testing Vertical Jumping Performance

Hatze, H.

doi:10.1123/jab.14.2.127

Cited by 131 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The two-foot support vertical jump has been studied from a biomechanical viewpoint on many occasions and with different purposes: to evalúate different ways of muscle participation (3,15), to assess segmental participation (9,12,16), or to identify its determining efficieney factors (2,13,23). However, generally the jump is quantified based on the vertical component of the forcé from a stationary position, with or without a countermovement, or based on different heights, ignoring the effect on the takeoff phase produced by the run-up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Two Landing Styles in a Two-Foot Vertical Jump

Gutiérrez-Dávila

Campos²,

Navarro³

2009

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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In team sports, such as basketball and volleyball, the players use different takeoff styles to make the vertical jump. The two-foot vertical jump styles have been classified according to the landing style and identified as Hop style, when both feet touch the ground at the same time and Step-close style, when there is a slight delay between the first and second foot making contact with the ground. The aim of this research is to identify the differences between the two styles. Twenty-three subjects participated in the study, of whom 14 were volleyball players and 9 basketball players. The jumps were video recorded and synchronized with two forcé platforms at 250 Hz. Two temporal periods of the takeoff were defined according to the reduction or increase in the radial distance between the CG and the foot support (T.-RD C G y T.+RD C G, respectively). The findings produced no specific advantages when both styles were compared with respect to takeoff velocity and consequently to jump height, but takeoff time was significantly shorter (p<0.001) in the Hop style takeoff. However, this reduction was compensated for by the greater time employed in the last step of the approach run (p<0.001). When the Step-close style was used, the vertical velocity of CG at the beginning of the takeoff is significantly lower. Moreover, the mean vertical forcé developed during T.-RD C G was reduced by -627.7 ± 251.1 N, so lessening impact on landing.Horizontal velocity at the end of the takeoff is less when the Step-close style is used (p<0.005), suggesting that this style is better for jumps where it is necessary to move horizontally during the flight against an opponent

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Two Landing Styles in a Two-Foot Vertical Jump

Gutiérrez-Dávila

Campos²,

Navarro³

2009

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…As the suggestion of Gold Standard for measure jump height differs between authors like Aragon-Vargas (2000) who prefers the video camera, versus Hatze (1998) and García López et al (2005) opting for the use of force platform, we suggest to perform a new study that compares the Chronojump-Boscosystem with a force platform and a high speed video camera system in order to know the difference between them and decide if there's a need to adjust the calculation of flight time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Force platforms designed specifically to assess the vertical jump, show results of flight time and/or contact at the end of the jump, while in the generic force platforms the information is taken from a graph such as the figure 3. Despite that the analysis of the force graph to obtain the time of flight is interesting for teaching (Linthorne, 2001) and that force platforms are identified as the Gold Standard to measure jump height (Hatze, 1998;García López et al, 2005), it is known that the use of the force platforms has several limitations for the use outside the laboratory. For instance, it is difficult to obtain a quick report of the results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creation and Validation of Chronojump-Boscosystem: A Free Tool to Measure Vertical Jumps. (Creación y validación de Chronojump-Boscosystem: un instrumento libre para la medición de saltos verticales).

Blas¹,

Padullés²,

Amo³

et al. 2012

rev. int. cienc. deporte

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Measuring the height of the vertical jump is an indicator of the strength and power of the lower body. The technological tools available to measure the vertical jump are black boxes and are not open to third-party verification or adaptation. We propose the creation of a measurement system called Chronojump-Boscosystem, consisting of open hardware and free software. Methods: A microcontroller was created and validated using a square wave generator and an oscilloscope. Two types of contact platforms were developed using different materials. These platforms were validated by the minimum pressure required for activation at different points by a strain gauge, together with the on/off time of our platforms in respect of the Ergojump-Boscosystem platform by a sample of 8 subjects performing submaximal jumps with one foot on each platform. Agile methodologies were used to develop and validate the software. Results: All the tools fall under the free software / open hardware guidelines and are, in that sense, free. The microcontroller margin of error is 0.1%. The validity of the fiberglass platform is 0.95 (ICC). The management software contains nearly 113.000 lines of code and is available in 7 languages.Key words: biomechanics; jump; free software; open hardware; chronojump-boscosystem. A b s t r a c tCorrespondencia/correspondence:Xavier de Blas Universitat Ramon Llull. España E-mail: xaviblas@gmail.com La medición de la altura del salto vertical es un indicador de la fuerza y potencia del tren inferior. Los instrumentos electrónicos disponibles para medir este salto son cajas negras que no permiten la verificación ni la adaptación por parte de terceros. Proponemos la creación de un sistema de medición llamado Chronojump-Boscosystem, que consiste en un hardware abierto y un software libre. Métodos: Se ha creado un microcontrolador y se ha validado usando un generador de ondas cuadradas y un osciloscopio. Se han desarrollado dos tipos de plataformas usando materiales distintos. Las plataformas se han validado determinando su sensibilidad en distintos puntos por medio de una célula de carga, y por comparación con la plataforma de contactos del sistema Ergojump-Boscosystem en una muestra de 8 sujetos, realizando saltos sub-máximos con un pie en cada plataforma. Se ha usado una metodología ágil para el desarrollo y validación del software. Resultados: Todas las partes que componen el sistema se han licenciado como software libre o hardware abierto. El margen de error del microcontrolador es de 0,1%. La validez de la plataforma de fibra de vidrio es de 0,95 (ICC). El software de gestión tiene cerca de 113 mil líneas de código y está disponible en 7 idiomas.Palabras clave: biomecánica; saltos; software libre; hardware abierto; chronojump-boscosystem. De Blas, X.; Padullés, J. M.; López del Amo, J.L.; . Creation and Validation of Chronojump-Boscosystem: A Free Tool to Measure Vertical Jumps. RICYDE. Rev. int. cienc. deporte. 30(8),

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“…However, since many human subjects (especially those with no extensive force-or velocity-oriented training) show a Pmax that is close to their SJ power output, Pmax might be correctly computed by using the SJ power value. Like all biomechanical models, this method has assumptions and limitations that have been discussed extensively elsewhere [8,21,48]. In addition, these computations lead to mean values during the push-off phase, as opposed to peak values estimated in many studies (e.g.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Jump height is a poor indicator of lower limb maximal power output: theoretical demonstration, experimental evidence and practical solutions

Morin¹,

Jiménez-Reyes²,

Brughelli³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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KEY POINTS1. Despite a widespread use, we contended that jump height as measured during vertical jump tests is not a good indicator of lower limb power or maximal power output capability.2. We showed this based on several confounding factors: body mass, push-off distance, individual force-velocity profile and optimal force-velocity profile. Some experimental data were also shown and discussed to further illustrate the not very-good correlation between jump height and power output.3. Finally, in order to address this issue, we discussed the possible practical solutions, and advocate for the use of a simple, accurate computation method based on jump height as an input. ABSTRACTLower limb maximal power output (Pmax) is a key physical component of performance in many sports. During squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests, athletes produce high amounts of mechanical work over a short duration to displace their body mass (i.e. the dimension of mechanical power). Thus, jump height has been frequently used by the sports science and medicine communities as an indicator of Pmax. However, in this article, we contended that SJ and CMJ height are in fact poor indicators of Pmax in trained populations.To support our opinion, we first detailed why, theoretically, jump height and Pmax are not fully related. Specifically, we demonstrated that individual body mass, distance of push-off, optimal loading and force-velocity characteristics confound the jump height-Pmax relationship. We also discussed the poor relationship between SJ or CMJ height and Pmax measured with a force plate based on data reported in the literature, which added to our own experimental evidence. Finally, we discussed the limitations of existing practical solutions (regression-based estimation equations and allometric scaling), and advocated using a valid, reliable and simple field-based procedure to compute individual Pmax directly from jump height, body mass and push-off distance. The latter may allow researchers and practitioners to reduce bias in their assessment of Pmax by using jump height as an input with a simple yet accurate computation method, and not as the first/only variable of interest. Morin et al. Pre-Print -2018 -Jump height is a poor indicator of lower limb maximal power output3

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Validity and Reliability of Methods for Testing Vertical Jumping Performance

Cited by 131 publications

References 6 publications

A Comparison of Two Landing Styles in a Two-Foot Vertical Jump

A Comparison of Two Landing Styles in a Two-Foot Vertical Jump

Creation and Validation of Chronojump-Boscosystem: A Free Tool to Measure Vertical Jumps. (Creación y validación de Chronojump-Boscosystem: un instrumento libre para la medición de saltos verticales).

Jump height is a poor indicator of lower limb maximal power output: theoretical demonstration, experimental evidence and practical solutions

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