“…Particularly for beginners and those with low levels of fi tness, the exercise prescription should be made based on the metabolic stress level, such as LT or VT. In the past, diffi culty in measuring prevented common use of LT, but today, easy methods of determining LT have been developed, so that it can be used on the fi elds at very little cost (Ayabe, et al, , 2004. On the other hand, for those who have been in training for a long http://www.soc.nii.ac.jp/jspe3/index.htm 542 period or for the physically fi t, exercise programs based on heart rate or RPE can yield suffi ciently safe and effective results as substitute methods for LT. We conclude from the above that in regard to the methods for creating exercise prescriptions for elderly, LT, %maximal heart rate, %maximal heart reserve, RPE, etc., diverse exercise prescription systems suited to individual characteristics (fi tness, state of health, etc.)…”