Validity Evidence for the Flow State Scale-2 with University Athletes

Hernández, José Augusto Evangelho; Voser, Rogério da Cunha

doi:10.1590/1982-4327e2909

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Examining the results of this search suggests that there have been no validation studies of Short or Core scales in new languages. We found domain-specific revalidated translations of the Flow State scale for athletics (Turkish [25]; Brasilian Portuguese [10]; Spanish [9]; French [8]; Greek [6]), music performance (Spanish [16] -notably, this study found issues with the item related to temporal effects in Flow, as did we), occupational therapy (Japanese [24]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Psychometric Analysis of the Flow Short Scale translated to Finnish

Laakasuo¹,

Palomäki²,

Abuhamdeh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We report a psychometric scale validation study on a Finnish translation of the Flow Short Scale (FSS). Data from 200 Finnish speaking participants were collected via the Prolific Academic platform. To analyse the scale's factorial structure, we performed Mokken scale analysis, Parallel Analysis, Very Simple Structures analysis and a standard Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Then, we evaluated the correlations between FSS and two other flow scales, the Flow State Scale and Flow Core Scale. Finally, we evaluated the FSS's ability to distinguish flow-inducing experiences from boring (non-flow-inducing) experiences. Collectively the results showed that an 8-item, two-factor version of the scale was a justified instrument with good psychometric properties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Psychometric Analysis of the Flow Short Scale translated to Finnish

Laakasuo¹,

Palomäki²,

Abuhamdeh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…In Portugal, Gouveia et al (2012) [ 11 ] developed a cross-cultural translation of the DFS-2, indicating as the best fit a nine factorial structure, close similar to our study, and with similar item loadings. However, this study, as well as two previous studies conducted in Brazil [ 24 , 25 , 57 ] performed a construct validity with models of nine factors in the domain of physical and exercise activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Validation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese dispositional flow scale 2 (DFS-BR)

Bittencourt

Freires

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Introduction: Flow state is a psychological concept used to describe the optimal engagement in different activities. Therefore, the DFS-2 has been developed as an instrument to measure an individual’s dispositional tendency to flow state as a personality trait. Objective: Aiming to obtain an adapted version of the DFS-2 for the Brazilian-Portuguese language (DFS-BR) and for general activities, we performed its forward- and backward-translation, and we validated it. Methods: After gathering answers from 681 Brazilian participants, we performed: (1) the construct validity of the DFS-BR; and (2) the psychometric item quality analysis. Results: the Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA) indicates the best fit for the gathered data is a nine multi-correlated factorial model (χ2/df = 4.23, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93 and RMSEA = 0.069). Reliability tests performed in this structure indicates excellent internal consistency for the DFS-BR. The item quality analysis indicates that its difficulty and discriminating parameters have a good endorsement to estimate the dispositional flow state. Additionally, we proposed and validated a short version of the DFS-BR (composed of only nine items). The validation results indicates good fit (χ2/df = 2.94, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.97 and RMSEA = 0.053) and good internal consistency. The Test Information Curve of the short version indicates that it is very informative in the estimation of individual dispositional flow state. Discussion and Conclusions: In view of these results, we conclude that the DFS-BR showed good evidence of its validity to be used with Brazilian people. We also suggest the use of a short version when we need only measure the person’s flow state based on the principle of Occam’s razor. This principle is supported by the analysis presented in this article.

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“…The theory of flow pioneered by Csikszentmihalyi (1990) is another most explored domain of attention research where Csikszentmihalyi introduced flow as a mental state when a person faces a task with a clear set of goals that requires appropriate responses and receives immediate feedback where attention becomes ordered and fully invested leading to a loss of selfconsciousness, and a distorted sense of time (1990). According to Hernandez & Voser (2019), the state of flow is a mindset that pushes people to their limits, and Goleman (2013) defined it as a state of maximal cognitive efficiency or maximum neural harmony when one aligns excellence or skill, engagement, and ethics in what they passionate of doing. Hernandez and Voser (2019) outlined clear objectives, unequivocal feedback, concentration on the task, sense of control, loss of self-consciousness or awareness, distortion of time, autotelic experience, action-awareness merging, and challenge-skills balance as nine dimensions of their flow state measurement scale.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Hernandez & Voser (2019), the state of flow is a mindset that pushes people to their limits, and Goleman (2013) defined it as a state of maximal cognitive efficiency or maximum neural harmony when one aligns excellence or skill, engagement, and ethics in what they passionate of doing. Hernandez and Voser (2019) outlined clear objectives, unequivocal feedback, concentration on the task, sense of control, loss of self-consciousness or awareness, distortion of time, autotelic experience, action-awareness merging, and challenge-skills balance as nine dimensions of their flow state measurement scale. Balakrishnan & Dwivedi (2021) observed both cognitive engagement and the theory of flow bring an experiential understanding of cognitive absorption theory.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employee work focus: Conceptualizing and developing a multidimensional scale

Gunathilake

Jayasooriya

2022

J. Mgt. Matters

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Focus' has been conceptualized in a multitude of overlapping domains closely associated with constructs such as prioritizing, attention, concentration, cognitive control, etc. yet employee work focus (EWF) remains a fuzzy construct in the literature. This research aims at theorizing this construct and developing a scale to measure EWF. A qualitative inquiry was done using grounded theory and content analysis to develop an initial framework which was used to develop an initial pool of 40 items. Thirty-Two items were retained based on the values of the content validity ratio (CVR>0.51). Those were subjected to two rounds of exploratory factor analysis using a big sample pilot study followed by the main study with 434 professionals in total from service and manufacturing industries in Sri Lanka which resulted in a best-fit model of three distinct factors of EWF namely alternative search, right focus (ability to prioritize) and sustained focus (attention). Confirmatory factor analysis along with a series of scale development tests including convergent and discriminant validity tests led to the final 3-dimensional 14-item scale to measure EWF with factor loadings over 0.5 and Cronbach α of 0.853. The authors presented a theoretical framework of EWF based on the aforesaid factor structure along with insights from the qualitative inquiry conducted using 29 respondents and reviewing previous empirical findings in over 100 publications. Finally, the article highlighted the managerial and theoretical implications of the findings and related future research avenues.

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Validity Evidence for the Flow State Scale-2 with University Athletes

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Psychometric Analysis of the Flow Short Scale translated to Finnish

Psychometric Analysis of the Flow Short Scale translated to Finnish

Validation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese dispositional flow scale 2 (DFS-BR)

Employee work focus: Conceptualizing and developing a multidimensional scale

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