Valoración económica del secuestro y almacenamiento de carbono en la puna seca del suroeste del Perú

Abstract

In the face of a global warming scenario, carbon capture and storage has become an international strategy to mitigate the effect of greenhouse gases. Oceans and Tropical forests are considered the largest carbon sinks in the world, however a few studies have evaluated the relative importance of other plant formations as carbon sinks in the Neotropical Region. This study documents the economic value of carbon capture and storage by five plant formations representative in the Puna Seca of southwestern Peru. Sampling plots were established to estimate the biomass contained in seedlings of Pajonal, Tolar, Bofedal, Yaretal and Queñual, in Salinas y Aguada Blanca National Reserve (Arequipa, Peru). Later, carbon stored and carbon captured as CO 2 was estimated. The Peruvian average carbon exchange price per ton of CO 2 was used for the economic evaluation of environmental services. It was found that the Reserve contains at least 13,507,104.16 equivalent metric tons of CO 2 worth U$D 86,310,395.58. Bofedal was the main vegetal formation that contributed in these values (52.48 %), in spite of being little represented in the total area of the Reserve (2.58 %). It is expected that the economic value obtained will serve as a frame of reference in decision-making for various purposes (environmental awareness, environmental management instruments, national accounting, among others).

Cálculo y valoración del almacenamiento de carbono del humedal altoandino de Chalhuanca, Arequipa (Perú).

“…Reservas de dióxido de carbono almacenado por hectárea en todo el sistema (suelo-vegetación) (TCO2/ha) Nuestros resultados son superiores con respecto otros estudios (Medina et al, 2020), pero están por debajo de Mango (2017), quien realizó su estudio también en los bofedales de Chalhuanca (cabe mencionar que no menciona mediante qué método calculó el CO 2 , y sólo presenta el valor calculado). Los bofedales en general son ecosistemas altamente productivos y son utilizados para pastoreo de camélidos sudamericanos y últimamente están sufriendo también diferentes tipos de manejos con la finalidad de aumentar su área, como la derivación de cursos de agua o abonamientos en diferentes sectores, lo cual podría estar alterando los valores normales de captura y almacenamiento natural de carbono.…”

“…Valoración del servicio ecosistémico: almacenamiento de carbono Estudios que abarquen la valoración de servicios ecosistémicos en nuestro medio es aún escaso. De hecho, para el departamento de Arequipa, el cual presenta una amplia gama de ecosistemas (MINAM, 2019b), no existen muchos estudios sobre la importancia de los servicios brindados por los ecosistemas existentes (Mango, 2017;Crispín y Jiménez, 2019;Medina et al, 2020). Por otro lado, cabe denotar que la valoración de los servicios ecosistémicos, más allá de dar a conocer un valor monetario, pretende resaltar la importancia del mismo dentro de un contexto social y biológico (Tamayo, 2014).…”

International Biological Flora: Festuca dolichophylla†

“…Although F. dolichophylla is mainly used as forage, its role in carbon sequestration is gaining recognition as a political strategy for climate change mitigation (Rolando et al., 2017) and as a potential source of carbon credits in South America (Medina et al., 2020; Mohieldin et al., 2022). Carbon dioxide sequestration experiments conducted on F. dolichophylla estimate a sequestration capacity of 7.70 tonnes CO 2 ha −1 and 10.78 t CO 2 ha −1 , with the plant stems exhibiting the highest concentration rates.…”

Rethinking Legal Criteria for Assessing Compensation for Rural Land Expropriation: Towards a European Institutional Framework

“…The question that arises, and which is the subject of analysis in this paper in a specific case study, is to analyze how it would affect the value of land taken as a reference for public decision-making if, in addition to direct use values (traditional methods), non-use values (existence and legacy), option values and indirect use values were considered. We find in the literature numerous examples of valuation that address the complex problem of valuing goods and services that are lacking an explicit market for their exchange [1,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Greiner et al [33] reviewed literature that showed the lack of ecosystem services (ES) and evaluation studies that take into account the multifunctionalities of soils, providing methods approved by the German Federal States in spatial planning procedures.…”

“…Mountain forests are characterized by multiple functions that must be adequately valued for management purposes [13,19,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. The reflection is supported in a specific case study, as we can see in the previous literature, using qualitative methods [1,19,30,34,35,42,45,46]. However, the aim of this work is not so much to illustrate a specific case study, but to make evident the need for an institutional framework that could be a support for land valuation particularly for rural or environmental uses [33,44].…”