Value-added utilization of oil palm ash: A superior recycling of the industrial agricultural waste

Foo, K.Y.; Hameed, B.H.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.091

Cited by 119 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Due to this incineration process, ash is produced at about 5% by weight of the incinerated solid fuels [5]. The quantity of OPA produced in Malaysia alone is about 4 million tonnes a year [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation of Oil Palm Ash in Foamed Concrete

Awang

Al-Mulali

Khalil

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. This study is a part of an on-going research examining the properties of foam concrete when replacing the cement with semi-processed Oil Palm Ash (OPA). Replacements range from 25% to 65% were used for a mix having the mix ratio of (1:2:0.45) and having the target density of 1300kg/m 3 . All mixes were tested for their strength using the compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths up to the age of 28 days. Results show that a 25% replacement level exhibited higher compressive and splitting tensile strength than that of the control mix at the age of 28 days. However, the same replacement level exhibited a close strength to that of the control mix when tested for the flexural strength at the same age.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation of Oil Palm Ash in Foamed Concrete

Awang

Al-Mulali

Khalil

et al. 2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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“…The significant outcome by adding these materials are well reported [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Beginning of the 21th century, other new potential materials have been initiated to enhance the cement based properties is Effective Microorganism (EM) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Effective Microorganism (EM) Inclusion to the Setting Time of Microbed Cement Paste

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The inclusion of Effective Microorganism (EM) lengthen the setting time of microbed cement paste with respect to the control cement paste. However, the investigation on the influence of EM ingredients to the setting time was not performed yet in the earlier study. Therefore, the test of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) was performed on the EM product used in order to determine their ingredients. Further examination was carried out to analyse the pore characteristics in examining the effect of the pore size distribution to the setting time of microbed cement paste. Potassium Chloride (KCl) was detected in EM liquid using XRD test. It can be concluded, the ingredient of EM which is consist of the molasses influenced the setting time of microbed cement paste. The hardening rate of microbed cement paste was effected by the presence of KCl. The pore size of microbed cement paste recorded the lower pore volume (mL/g) with respect to the control cement paste. The larger intrusion of mercury was recorded at smaller pore diameter in microbed cement paste while control cement paste occupied at the bigger pore diameter. The microbed cement paste (16.5%) recorded the smaller porosity than cement paste without EM (20.3%). The smaller cement pore effects the delayed setting time of microbed cement.

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“…Due to this incineration process, ash is produced at about 5% by weight of the incinerated solid fuels [1]. Malaysia alone produces around 4 million tonnes of OPA annually [2]. This number is expected to rise due to the Malaysian government's encouragement to use palm oil bio-mass as fuel for electricity production [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength of Sieved Only Oil Palm Ash Foamed Concrete

Awang¹,

Al-Mulali²

2016

IJET

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Abstract-Oil palm ash (OPA) is a waste material produced by countries having a blooming palm oil industry. Increasing palm oil production, the quantities of OPA continue to increase. However, its utilisation remains minimal and most of it is disposed of in landfills, causing environmental hazards. This study investigated the strength of foamed concrete incorporating sieved only OPA as a partial cement replacement. A foamed concrete mix of 1 part binder and 2 parts filler with a plastic density of 1450 kg/m 3 has been used. Cement is replaced by OPA at replacement levels of 25 to 65% by weight of binder. Compressive, tensile splitting and flexural strengths have been investigated at the ages of 7, 14, 28 and 56 days. A foamed concrete mix with a 25% OPA content showed superior strengths than those exhibited by the control mix, hence, producing a greener and cheaper foamed concrete.

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Value-added utilization of oil palm ash: A superior recycling of the industrial agricultural waste

Cited by 119 publications

References 55 publications

Utilisation of Oil Palm Ash in Foamed Concrete

Utilisation of Oil Palm Ash in Foamed Concrete

The Effect of Effective Microorganism (EM) Inclusion to the Setting Time of Microbed Cement Paste

Strength of Sieved Only Oil Palm Ash Foamed Concrete

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