Value-adding to cellulosic ethanol: Lignin polymers

Doherty, William O.S.; Mousavioun, Payam; Fellows, Christopher M.

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.10.022

Cited by 850 publications

(685 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the application of lignosulfonates is limited by the sulfur content, which can be as high as 5% weight. For this reason, lignosulfonates are commonly combusted for energy production (Doherty et al 2011). bioresources.com Wysocka et al (2016). "Lignosulfonate-PUR foams," BioResources 11(3), 7355-7364.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Lignosulfonate- and Hydrolyzed Lignosulfonate-based Polyurethane Foams

et al. 2016

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Lignosulfonate and lignosulfonate hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions were used as the polyol components in polyurethane foam formulations. Although the treatment increased hydroxyl group abundance, it did not improve the applicability of hydrolyzed lignosulfonate in polyurethane foam. Thus, the use of original lignosulfonate yielded foams of thermal stability and mechanical properties comparable to other types of biobased foams (Young's moduli 0.95 to 4.42 MPa, 50% weight loss, and temperature ca. 500 °C). Lignosulfonates can be a renewable polyol component for the formulation of rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible foams.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Lignosulfonate- and Hydrolyzed Lignosulfonate-based Polyurethane Foams

et al. 2016

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“…Assim, a lignina sulfonada é adicionalmente isolada e depois refinada, obtendo-se o lignossulfonato [28] . O lignossulfonato possui propriedade aglutinante de partículas, ou seja, facilita a junção de partículas ou componentes [29] . É interessante citar que existe uma significativa complexidade inerente à estrutura química do lignossulfonato, ou seja, algumas propriedades do lignossulfonato podem mudar de acordo com o tipo de madeira utilizada [30] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Filmes poliméricos baseados em amido e lignossulfonatos: preparação, propriedades e avaliação da biodegradação

et al. 2014

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Resumo: Este trabalho envolveu a obtenção de filmes poliméricos a partir de amido de milho e incorporação de lignina na forma de lignossulfonato. A motivação deste trabalho está relacionada à utilização do amido na obtenção de filmes devido ao seu potencial de biodegradação, além do aproveitamento de resíduos de lignossulfonatos provenientes da indústria de celulose e papel. Para a obtenção dos filmes foram utilizados lignossulfonatos em pó e foram realizadas diversas moldagens com variação do tipo e da proporção (1% a 4%) de lignossulfonato utilizado. Algumas análises foram realizadas nos filmes poliméricos para comparar propriedades térmicas por DSC (Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial), e propriedades de tração, em equipamento de DMTA (Análise Térmica Dinâmico-Mecânica). Neste estudo são destacadas as análises da biodegradação e da emissão dos gases liberados utilizando a técnica de Cromatografia Gasosa. De acordo com os resultados de DMTA, a maioria dos filmes poliméricos contendo lignossulfonatos apresentou resistência à tração inferior quando comparados aos filmes poliméricos sem lignossulfonatos (1,024 MPa). Porém, os filmes contendo lignossulfonato modificado com sódio (Vixil S) apresentaram maiores valores de resistência à tração quando comparado aos outros filmes contendo os lignossulfonatos utilizados (Vixil I e Vixil Tan). Nas análises térmicas foram notadas semelhanças entre os dois tipos principais de filmes poliméricos (amido; e amido com lignossulfonato), com alguns deslocamentos das temperaturas dos principais picos máximos dos filmes contendo lignossulfonato (4%, Vixil S). Na análise de biodegradabilidade foi verificado que os materiais são biodegradáveis e houve uma emissão maior de CO 2 e N 2 O das amostras dos filmes contendo 4% lignossulfonato do tipo Vixil S, em comparação com as amostras sem lignossulfonato. Palavras-chave: Filme polimérico, amido, lignossulfonato, DMTA, DSC, biodegradação. Polymeric Films Based on Starch and lignosulfonates: Preparation, Properties and Evaluation of BiodegradationAbstract: We obtained polymer films from corn starch with lignin incorporation as lignosulfonate. The motivation is the use of starch in obtaining films, due to their potential for biodegradation, and the use of lignosulfonate waste from the pulp and paper industry. To obtain films of lignosulfonates various powders of lignosulfonate were used, varying type and proportion (1% to 4%). Analyses were performed on polymer films to compare thermal properties by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and tensile properties in Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis, DMTA. We emphasize analyses of biodegradation and gas emission using gas chromatography. According to the results of DMTA, most polymeric films containing lignosulfonates showed lower tensile strength when compared to polymer films without lignosulfonates (1.024 MPa). However, the films containing lignosulfonate modified with sodium (Vixil S) showed higher tensile strength when compared to other films containing lignosulfonates (Vixil I and Vixi...

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“…Lignin is more resistant to most forms of biological attack than cellulose and other structural polysaccharides, and plants with higher lignin content have been reported to be more resistant to direct sunlight and frost. In vitro, lignin and lignin extracts have been shown to have antimicrobial and antifungal activity, act as antioxidants, absorb UV radiation, and exhibit flame-retardant properties [42]. All of these features are useful for materials, such as composites.…”

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased fibers and materials in Brazil

Valadares

2014

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

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The human evolution is directly associated to the use of materials. During the last century, humanity had significant development powered by the use of fossil resources, which largely impacted the materials discovery and use. However, there are many concerns about the use of fossils, based mainly on economic and environmental issues. These concerns motivate the study, development, and use of renewable resources, including biobased materials. Brazil is one of the largest producers of agricultural commodities, which can be used to produce renewable materials. This review describes actual production of some renewable materials in Brazil and future possibilities to generate them using biomass residual streams of industrial processes.

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Value-adding to cellulosic ethanol: Lignin polymers

Cited by 850 publications

References 158 publications

Characterization of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Lignosulfonate- and Hydrolyzed Lignosulfonate-based Polyurethane Foams

Characterization of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Lignosulfonate- and Hydrolyzed Lignosulfonate-based Polyurethane Foams

Filmes poliméricos baseados em amido e lignossulfonatos: preparação, propriedades e avaliação da biodegradação

Biobased fibers and materials in Brazil

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