Value Profiles During Middle Childhood: Developmental Processes and Social Behavior

Abstract

Little is known about how children's value priorities develop over time. This study identifies children's value priority profiles and follows their development during middle childhood. Australian children (N = 609; ages 5–12 at Time 1) reported their values over 2 years. Latent Transition Analysis indicated four profiles: Social‐Focus, Self‐Focus, Growth‐Focus and Undifferentiated. Within person development was characterized by profile stability or transfer to the Social‐Focus profile. Younger children were more likely to have an Undifferentiated profile (or Self‐Focus among boys) than older ones. Girls were more likely to have a Social‐Focus profile or transfer to it, and less likely to have a Self‐ or Growth‐Focus profile than boys. Social‐Focus profile membership over time predicted more prosocial and less aggressive behavior.

Individual and generational value change in an adult population, a 12-year longitudinal panel study

“…Longitudinal studies showed that the stability of children's values increases during childhood: the older the child, the higher the value stability 31 , 32 . For children in middle childhood self-transcendence and openness-to-change values became more important, while conservation and self-enhancement decreased in importance over time 32 , 33 . Other longitudinal studies showed that in early adolescence values were moving towards more importance for the value-domains self-enhancement and openness-to-change 34 , and for young adults the value-types self-transcendence, conservation, and power increased in importance, and achievement values decreased 25 .…”

“…Other longitudinal studies showed that in early adolescence values were moving towards more importance for the value-domains self-enhancement and openness-to-change 34 , and for young adults the value-types self-transcendence, conservation, and power increased in importance, and achievement values decreased 25 . Graduating students increased in conformity and security and decreased in hedonism and self-direction values 33 . Finally, adults (aged 25–71), followed over a 3-year period, were found to increase in self-transcendence and conservation and decrease in openness-to-change 26 .…”

Development of intraindividual value structures in middle childhood: A multicultural and longitudinal investigation

“…Value shifts partly occur in late childhood, as indicated in two studies that investigated value importance over time among individuals in middle-childhood. In the first, in a sample of Australian children, value profiles were organized in line with Schwartz's value system; the study found that children became increasingly oriented toward social and growth goals over the course of a two years (Daniel, Benish-Weisman, Sneddon, & Lee, 2020). In the second study, a cross-sequential study of Polish children between seven and 13 (using the data reported here in Study 2 ), value change was documented in all four value types: selftranscendence values decreased in importance between ten and 12, while self-enhancement values decreased between eight and nine or ten and increased thereafter until 12 years of age; conservation values decreased after the age of nine, while openness to change values increased after the age of eight (omitted for blind review).…”

Anne-Çocuk Çiftlerinin Değer Benzerliği: Orta Çocukluk Döneminde Bir İnceleme

“…Küçük çocuklar diğerlerinin bakış açısını göz önünde bulundurma ve diğeri yönelimli açıklamaları anlamada zorlanırken, yedi yaşından itibaren çocuklar bu becerileri kazanabilmektedirler (Döring, Blauensteiner, Aryus, Drögekamp ve Bilsky, 2010). Ayrıca bu yaştan itibaren çocuklar diğerlerinin niyetlerinin de önemli olduğunu göz önünde bulundurarak eylemin sonucunu değerlendirmeye ve diğerlerinin inanç ve düşüncelerinin de önemli olduğunu anlamaya başlamaktadırlar (Daniel, Benish-Weisman, Sneddon ve Lee, 2020). Dolayısıyla, orta çocukluk döneminden itibaren diğeri yönelimli değerleri anlayıp içselleştirmede artış gözlenmektedir (Grusec ve Goodnow, 1994).…”