Vanadium

Assem, Farida Louise; Oskarsson, Agneta

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59453-2.00060-3

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Today, there is disagreement regarding the carcinogenic responses to V 2 O 5 and evidence supporting that a genotoxic mode of action is still insufficient [ 5 ]. The general consensus is that while both positive and negative results have been reported, the weight of evidence suggests that V 2 O 5 has the potential to induce aneuploidy, micronucleus (MN), and chromosomal aberrations in some cells in vitro and in vivo (somatic cells) [ 3 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Effects of Vanadium Pentoxide and Antioxidants (Ascorbic Acid and Alpha‐Tocopherol) on Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, and Genotoxic Damage in Peripheral Blood of Mice

Garcia‐Rodriguez

Hernández-Cortés

Altamirano-Lozano

2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), ascorbic acid (AA), and alpha-tocopherol (α-TOH) on apoptotic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic activity. Groups of five Hsd:ICR mice were treated with the following: (a) vehicle, distilled water; (b) vehicle, corn oil; (c) AA, 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip); (d) α-TOH, 20 mg/kg by gavage; (e) V2O5, 40 mg/kg by ip injection; (f) AA + V2O5; and (g) α-TOH + V2O5. Genotoxic damage was evaluated by examining micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCE) obtained from the caudal vein at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatments. Induction of apoptosis and cell viability were assessed at 48 h after treatment in nucleated cells of peripheral blood. Treatment with AA alone reduced basal MN-PCE, while V2O5 treatment marginally increased MN-PCE at all times after injection. Antioxidants treatments prior to V2O5 administration decreased MN-PCE compared to the V2O5 group, with the most significant effect in the AA + V2O5 group. The apoptotic cells increased with all treatments, suggesting that this process may contribute to the elimination of the cells with V2O5-induced DNA damage (MN-PCE). The necrotic cells only increased in the V2O5 group. Therefore, antioxidants such as AA and α-TOH can be used effectively to protect or reduce the genotoxic effects induced by vanadium compounds like V2O5.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Effects of Vanadium Pentoxide and Antioxidants (Ascorbic Acid and Alpha‐Tocopherol) on Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, and Genotoxic Damage in Peripheral Blood of Mice

Garcia‐Rodriguez

Hernández-Cortés

Altamirano-Lozano

2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…To date, there is hardly any literature on elevated systemic vanadium levels [55,56]. Systemic effects on liver, kidneys, the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system and haematopoietic organs have been observed in animal studies [57]. Valid human data on vanadium-induced systemic effects relating to joint replacements are not available.…”

Section: Other Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Effects of Metals Released from Arthroplasty Implants – a Brief Summary

Rakow

Schoon

2020

Z Orthop Unfall

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In recent years, increasing concern has been raised regarding potential systemic toxicity of metals released from arthroplasty implants. A lack of valid metal thresholds for human (organ) toxicity and the prospect of multi-decade survival of modern hip and knee replacements pose special challenges. Indeed, evidence of systemic effects of metals released from such implants is largely missing. Systemic cobalt exposure has repeatedly been associated with cardiotoxic and neurotoxic effects, and also with thyroid dysfunction. The toxic potential of chromium is considered less pronounced. Yet, in arthroplasty there is usually a co-exposure to chromium and cobalt which complicates evaluation of element-specific effects. Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles has been subject to debate among international regulatory authorities. Their wide use in a variety of products in everyday life, such as toothpaste, cosmetics and food colorants, hampers the assessment of an arthroplasty-induced systemic titanium exposure. To date there is no clear evidence for systemic complications due to titanium dioxide released from arthroplasty implants. Release of further metals such as tantalum, niobium, nickel, vanadium and zirconium from hip and knee replacement implants has been described occasionally, but systemic effects of respective long-term exposure scenarios are unknown. Generally, the characterization of all released metals regarding their chemical and physical specifications is critical for the evaluation of potential systemic risks. Systematic studies investigating the accumulation of metals relevant in arthroplasty in different organs/organ systems and the biological consequences of such accumulations are urgently needed.

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“…States can codify peremptory strike protections for certain classes of jurors in codes of civil and criminal procedure in the sections where jury selection and peremptory strike procedure are prescribed. 157 For example, California passed Assembly Bill 87 in 2015, 158 modifying its code of civil procedure to prohibit peremptory challenges "on the basis of an assumption that the prospective juror is biased" due to certain characteristics, including disability. 159 Sponsors of the bill noted that it was a "modest but necessary step to ensure that defendants are allowed a trial by an impartial jury that reflects a cross section of the population in a community" and to make sure that prospective jurors are not denied the opportunity to participate in the "civic duty" of jury service.…”

Section: B States Can Pass Laws or Amend Rules Of Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stricken: The Need for Positive Statutory Law to Prevent Discriminatory Peremptory Strikes of Disabled Jurors

Benson¹

2018

Preprint

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103 Cornell L. Rev. 437 (2018)A representative jury ensures a truly impartial trial and that all groups are able to share in this valuable opportunity for civic engagement. Though the disabled constitute a minority of the population, their viewpoint is no less necessary to securing the benefits of a representative jury than that of groups already afforded protection from discriminatory strikes. As the disabled become more represented in many areas of society, their continued underrepresentation on juries will become even more difficult to justify. Discriminatory peremptory strikes are a significant, discretionary means by which the disabled can continue to be excluded from juries even when other reforms aimed at increasing jury accessibility are put into place. Current equal protection jurisprudence provides scant protection for disabled jurors, but states can protect these jurors by statutory means, and will need to do so in order to secure the benefits of a truly representational jury.Unfortunately, much work remains to be done on many fronts before we will begin to see a significant increase in the representation of the disabled on juries. The ADA and other legislation designed to increase the accessibility of courts has removed many of the obstacles faced by disabled persons to serving on a jury, but do little to address many other sources of underrepresentation, including juror lists that systematically exclude the disabled. Peremptory strike reform will therefore need to be only a piece of a broader legislative strategy to increase the representation of the disabled on juries, but it will be an essential piece nonetheless.

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Vanadium

Cited by 12 publications

References 148 publications

In Vivo Effects of Vanadium Pentoxide and Antioxidants (Ascorbic Acid and Alpha‐Tocopherol) on Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, and Genotoxic Damage in Peripheral Blood of Mice

In Vivo Effects of Vanadium Pentoxide and Antioxidants (Ascorbic Acid and Alpha‐Tocopherol) on Apoptotic, Cytotoxic, and Genotoxic Damage in Peripheral Blood of Mice

Systemic Effects of Metals Released from Arthroplasty Implants – a Brief Summary

Stricken: The Need for Positive Statutory Law to Prevent Discriminatory Peremptory Strikes of Disabled Jurors

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