Vancomycin versus Placebo for Treating Persistent Fever in Patients with Neutropenic Cancer Receiving Piperacillin-Tazobactam Monotherapy

Cometta, A.; Kern, Winfried V.; Bock, R. De; Paesmans, Marianne; VandenBergh, Marjolein F. Q.; Crokaert, Françoise; Engelhard, Dan; Marchetti, Oscar; Akan, Hamdı; Skoutelis, Athanasios; Korten, Volkan; Vandercam, M; Gaya, H.; Padmos, Andrew; Klastersky, Jean; Zinner, Stephen H.; Glauser, M. P.; Calandra, Thierry; Viscoli, Claudio

doi:10.1086/376637

Cited by 146 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These additions were not considered as unequivocal evidence of failure of the initial empiric regimen, but as a consequence of serious and prolonged neutropenia [12] . In our institution, the routine use of glycopeptides as empiric therapy is not recommended [27,34] . In this study, glycopeptides were added in only 17.7% of the episodes in the CFP group, in 7 of them a gram-positive pathogen only susceptible to vancomycin was recovered and in 4 there was clinical deterioration.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cefepime Monotherapy is as Effective as Ceftriaxone Plus Amikacin in Pediatric Patients with Cancer and High-Risk Febrile Neutropenia: A Randomized Comparison

Pereira¹,

Petrilli²,

Carlesse³

et al. 2008

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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Abstract:The empirical use of antibiotic therapies is widely accepted in patients with fever and neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy. The use of intravenous monotherapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics in patients with high-risk of complications is an appropriate alternative. However, few data are available in pediatric patients. We conducted a prospective, randomized, open study in patients with lymphoma or leukemia who had fever and neutropenia during chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to receive cefepime (CFP) or ceftriaxone plus amikacin (CFT+AK). A total of 57 patients with 125 episodes of fever and neutropenia were evaluated (CFP, 62 and CFT + AK, 63 episodes). The mean neutrophil count at admission was 118.6 cells mm −3 (CFP) and 107 cells mm −3 (CFT+AK). The mean duration of neutropenia was 9.0 days (CFP) and 8.0 days (CFT+AK). Analyzing only the first episodes of each patient, CFP treatment was successful in 65.5% of the episodes and CFT+AK were successful in 64.3%. Overall rates of success with modification were 90% (CFP) and 89% (CFT+AK).No major treatment-emergent toxicity was reported. Monotherapy with CFP seems to be as effective and safe as the combination of CFT+AK for initial empirical therapy in children and adolescents with NF.

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confidence: 99%

Cefepime Monotherapy is as Effective as Ceftriaxone Plus Amikacin in Pediatric Patients with Cancer and High-Risk Febrile Neutropenia: A Randomized Comparison

Pereira¹,

Petrilli²,

Carlesse³

et al. 2008

American J. of Infectious Diseases

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“…No hay beneficio en adicionar empíricamente vancomicina en pacientes neutropénicos con persistencia de fiebre en caso de que se encuentren estables y sin signos de infección (clínica o paraclínica) por gérmenes Gram positivos 34 . Al iniciar terapia con vancomicina esta se debe suspender dos a tres días después si no se ha aislado una bacteria susceptible.…”

Section: Pacientes De Alto Riesgounclassified

Abordaje del paciente pediátrico con neutropenia febril y enfermedad oncológica

2015

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RESUMENIntroducción: La neutropenia febril en el paciente pediátrico con enfermedad oncológica es una situación frecuente asociada a la quimioterapia que lleva a una alta morbimortalidad. Su principal etiología es la infección, ameritando un estudio oportuno y completo para identificar el origen e instaurar un tratamiento de forma rápida y dirigida, por lo cual es necesario conocer sobre esta patología y su abordaje. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión actual y completa de esta patología, abordando su epidemiología, etiología, diagnóstico clínico y tratamiento. Metodología de búsqueda: Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos como Cochrane Library, Medscape, Pubmed, RIMA, Ebscohost, HINARI, Dynamed, NEJM, usando palabras clave como neutropenia, fiebre, infección, riesgo, neoplasia y tratamiento. Se seleccionaron principalmente guías de práctica clínica, revisiones sistemáticas y estudios clínicos aleatorios. Discusión: Esta situación se presenta principalmente en pacientes con neoplasias hematolinfoides y la causa de la fiebre se debe en primer lugar a una infección, cuyo agente etiológico varía según la procedencia del caso, el uso de catéteres intravenosos o si hay neutropenia profunda y prolongada. El abordaje diagnostico debe ser mediante un examen físico minucioso y el uso de herramientas como hemograma, reactantes de fase aguda y policultivos. El uso de modelos pronósticos para realizar estratificación del riesgo de complicaciones permite dirigir el manejo antibiótico que se va a instaurar. Conclusión: Mediante la mejoría del conocimiento de esta enfermedad, las estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento han podido mejorar la sobrevida y el pronóstico de los pacientes con esta patología. MÉD UIS. 2015;28(3):353-62.Palabras clave: Fiebre. Neutropenia. Neoplasias. Pediatría. Infección. Approach to the pediatric patient with febrile neutropenia and oncologic diseaseABSTRACT Introduction: Febrile neutropenia in pediatric patients with oncological disease, is a common condition leading to high morbidity and mortality. The main cause is infection, meriting a timely and comprehensive study to identify its source and begin an early and a targeted therapy, it is necessary to know about this disease and its management. Objective: Perform a current review of this pathology by addressing its epidemiology, etiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Search in database like Cochrane Library, Medscape, Pubmed, RIMA, Ebscohost, HINARI, Dynamed, NEJM, using keywords like neutropenia, fever, infection, risk, neoplasia and treatment. We selected clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews and randomized clinical trials. Discussion: It is a common situation mainly in patients with hematological malignancy and the cause of the fever is due to an infection whose etiologic agent varies according to origin of the case, use of intravenous catheters or prolonged and deep neutropenia. The diagnostic approach must be through physical examination and the use of diagnostic tools such blood count, acute phase reactants and poly...

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“…[130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137] Others reported on 10-14 days of therapy. 138,139 Some studies required some evidence of bone marrow recovery.…”

Section: Duration Of Targeted Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a few of the studies patients were afebrile for at least 24 hours [138][139][140][141][142] while in the other reports the patients were afebrile for at least 4-5 days. 130,133,134,136,143 …”

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confidence: 99%

Targeted therapy against multi-resistant bacteria in leukemic and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: guidelines of the 4th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-4, 2011)

et al. 2013

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The detection of multi-resistant bacterial pathogens, particularly those to carbapenemases, in leukemic and stem cell transplant patients forces the use of old or non-conventional agents as the only remaining treatment options. These include colistin/polymyxin B, tigecycline, fosfomycin and various anti-gram-positive agents. Data on the use of these agents in leukemic patients are scanty, with only linezolid subjected to formal trials. The Expert Group of the 4 th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia has developed guidelines for their use in these patient populations. Targeted therapy should be based on (i) in vitro susceptibility data, (ii) knowledge of the best treatment option against the particular species or phenotype of bacteria, (iii) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data, and (iv) careful assessment of the risk-benefit balance. For infections due to resistant Gram-negative bacteria, these agents should be preferably used in combination with other agents that remain active in vitro, because of suboptimal efficacy (e.g., tigecycline) and the risk of emergent resistance (e.g., fosfomycin). The paucity of new antibacterial drugs in the near future should lead us to limit the use of these drugs to situations where no alternative exists. ABSTRACT © F e r r a t a S t o r t i F o u n d a t i o n 2 0 1 3organizing committee and experts were solicited to form the working group. The group reviewed the published English-language literature and prepared proposals on treatment options for infections due to resistant bacteria. Papers for review were sought using PubMed with the terms "linezolid", "daptomycin", "quinupristin/ dalfopristin", "colistin or polymyxin", "tigecycline", "fosfomycin", "telavancin", "ceftaroline" AND "stem cell transplantation or bone marrow transplant or leukemia or hematological malignancy or cancer". References cited in the articles identified were also considered. In respect of 'Duration of therapy', the main search terms used were "antibiotic therapy"; "stem cell transplantation or bone marrow transplantation or hematological malignancy or cancer"; "febrile neutropenia" and "duration therapy", "discontinuation antibiotics" and "microbiologically documented infection". Definitions of resistanceA bacterial isolate was considered non-susceptible if it was categorized resistant, intermediate or non-susceptible when using clinical breakpoints of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST), Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) or the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Definitions of 'MDR' vary among authors and usually presume resistance to at least two antibiotics used in empiric therapy (3 rd 4 th -generation cephalosporins, carbapenems or piperacillin/tazobactam) or resistance to at least three of the following antibiotic classes: antipseudomonal penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. [11][12][13][14][15] According to the recent definition of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control...

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Vancomycin versus Placebo for Treating Persistent Fever in Patients with Neutropenic Cancer Receiving Piperacillin-Tazobactam Monotherapy

Cited by 146 publications

References 18 publications

Cefepime Monotherapy is as Effective as Ceftriaxone Plus Amikacin in Pediatric Patients with Cancer and High-Risk Febrile Neutropenia: A Randomized Comparison

Cefepime Monotherapy is as Effective as Ceftriaxone Plus Amikacin in Pediatric Patients with Cancer and High-Risk Febrile Neutropenia: A Randomized Comparison

Abordaje del paciente pediátrico con neutropenia febril y enfermedad oncológica

Targeted therapy against multi-resistant bacteria in leukemic and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: guidelines of the 4th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-4, 2011)

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