Vapor−Liquid Equilibria for the 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) + n-Butane (R-600) System

Abstract

Isothermal vapor−liquid equilibrium data for the binary mixture of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) + normal butane (R600) were measured at 273.15, 283.15, 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K, respectively. The experiments were carried out using a continuous circulation-type equilibrium apparatus to measure temperature, pressure, and the compositions of the liquid and vapor phases. The experimental data were correlated with the Peng−Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) using the Wong−Sandler (W−S) mixing rule. Calculated results showed good agreement with experimental data. It was found that this system has very strong positive azeotropes for all the temperature ranges studied here.

The study of binary interaction parameters on VLE for alternative refrigerant mixtures

“…The SRK, PR, and CSD equations of states with van der Waals mixing rules could reasonably calculate the VLE properties of the HCs + HFCs and DME + HFCs. The values of the optimum interaction parameter k ij HFC23 + HC170 48 [6] 0.195 2.151 0.0142 0.199 0.891 0.0132 0.179 1.875 0.0098 HFC23 + HC290 27 [7] 0.195 1.456 0.0055 0.199 2.389 0.0066 0.179 3.058 0.0090 HFC23 + HC600 28 [7] 0.195 3.333 0.0030 0.199 3.567 0.0051 0.179 4.533 0.0029 HFC23 + HC600a 23 [8] 0.195 3.176 0.0085 0.199 2.784 0.0075 0.179 3.438 0.0089 HFC32 + HC290 63 [9] 0.188 0.707 0.0026 0.195 0.858 0.0036 0.157 1.948 0.0117 HFC32 + HC600 32 [10] 0.188 5.201 0.0134 0.195 5.681 0.0124 0.157 6.231 0.0163 HFC32 + HC600a 26 [11] 0.188 2.806 0.0100 0.195 2.699 0.0097 0.157 3.130 0.0098 HFC125 + HC290 89 [9] 0.156 1.450 0.0074 0.158 1.184 0.0044 0.144 0.855 0.0044 HFC125 + HC600 29 [12,13] 0.156 0.900 0.0030 0.158 1.158 0.0033 0.144 0.946 0.0064 HFC125 + HC600a 23 [14] 0.156 2.182 0.0079 0.158 2.245 0.0062 0.144 1.294 0.0058 HFC134a + HC290 37 [15] 0.168 0.789 0.0048 0.171 0.660 0.0056 0.157 0.835 0.0053 HFC134a + HC600 41 [16] 0.168 0.850 0.0059 0.171 1.046 0.0044 0.157 2.145 0.0100 HFC134a + HC600a 24 [17] 0.168 2.240 0.0093 0.171 2.223 0.0077 0.157 3.236 0.0107 HFC143a + HC290 22 [15] 0.113 1.693 0.0035 0.117 1.314 0.0043 0.101 2.803 0.0070 HFC143a + HC600 47 [18] 0.113 1.502 0.0044 0.117 1.077 0.0056 0.101 1.941 0.0098 HFC143a + HC600a 16 [8] 0.113 2.250 0.0136 0.117 1.994 0.0133 0.101 3.198 0.0153 HFC152a + HC290 25 [19] 0.127 4.149 0.0011 0.132 4.802 0.0184 0.108 1.927 0.0082 HFC152a + HC600 34 [20] 0.127 0.695 0.0051 0.132 1.395 0.0055 0.108 0.976 0.0072 HFC152a + HC600a 32 [11] 0.127 1.706 0.0071 0.132 2.232 0.0072 0.108 1.803 0.0107 HFC227ea + HC290 58 [21] 0.135 1.137 0.0044 0.136 0.953 0.0028 0.122 1.049 0.0083 HFC227ea + HC600 45 [22] 0.135 1.065 0.0038 0.136 1.274 0.0060 0.122 1.093 0.0080 HFC227ea + HC600a 37 [14] 0.135 0.597 0.0055 0.136 0.547 0.0042 0.122 0.298 0.0055 HFC236ea + HC290 37 [23] 0.141 1.663 0.0050 0.143 1.802 0.0071 0.128 1.760 0.0061 HFC236fa + HC290 37 [24] 0.141 1.413 0.0052 0.143 1.492 0.0078 0.128 1.208 0.0055 HFC236fa + HC600a 13 [17] 0.141 1.734 0.0028 0.143 1.873 0.0052 0.128...…”

“…[3,4] However, the blended refrigerants are preferable to pure working fluids on account of energy saving and the flexibility of operation. [5] Because the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) properties are important in the optimization of thermodynamic cycles, the literature on VLE experimental measurement data for new alternative refrigerant mixtures (HCs + HFCs [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and DME + HFCs binaries [23,[25][26][27][28][29] ) have increased considerably in the recent years. Due to the time-consuming nature of experimental measurement, the predictive models are valuable tools for estimating the VLE properties.…”

Cycle performance evaluation of various R134a/hydrocarbon blend refrigerants applied in vapor-compression heat pumps

“…(1,1-difluoroethane)/R290 12 have also been measured and correlated by different researchers. Lim et al 13,14 measured the VLE data of R152a/R600 and R134a/ R600 binary blends at various temperatures. The experimental data were well correlated with the Peng-Robinson EOS.…”

Measurement and Correlation of Isothermal Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium of Fluoroethane + Dimethyl Ether Triethylene Glycol, 1,1-Difluoroethane + Dimethyl Ether Triethylene Glycol, and 1,1-Difluoroethane + N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone Systems

“…Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are not destructive for the ozone layer, and despite their slight contribution to global warming, the mixtures of these compounds with organic solvents such as ethers, amides, and ketone have attracted researchers’ attention. Currently, 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (HFC125) + dimethylethylene urea (DMEU), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a) + dimethylacetamide (DMAC), and HFC134 + N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF) are some of the most widely used working pair systems. − Among these systems, the HFC134a + absorbent systems are the most studied. ,,− Although HFC134a is a widely used working pair, it exhibits a very high global warming potential (GWP) of 1430 and does not conform to the environmental protection requirements; additionally, its latent heat of evaporation is small. These shortcomings have limited the application of this working pair …”