CO2 fracturing
is a promising technology for oil field
development in tight, continental deposits, with potential advantages
of enhanced oil recovery (EOR), CO2 sequestration, and
water conservation. Compared with CO2-EOR techniques, such
as CO2 huff and puff and CO2 flooding, CO2 can interact with reservoir rock and fluid under higher pressure
conditions during fracturing, resulting in CO2 stimulation
and sequestration effects that differ from those that occur during
conventional CO2-EOR. In this paper, the CO2 interactions between CO2 and reservoirs in continental tight oil reservoirs under fracturing
conditions are systematically studied through laboratory experiments.
The results show that under high pressure, CO2 effectively
changes the pore structure through the extraction of hydrocarbons,
dissolution of the rock matrix, and migration of minerals. CO2 dissolution of the rock matrix can significantly increase
the number and complexity of fractures. Furthermore, CO2 has a higher solubility in formation fluid under high-pressure conditions.
Given the higher pressures, CO2 forms a miscible phase
with crude oil, diffuses more deeply into the formation, and reacts
fully with the reservoir minerals and fluid during CO2 fracturing.
Accordingly, CO2 can improve the permeability of the reservoir
and flowability of crude oil significantly. Hence, CO2 fracturing
can enhance oil recovery and CO2 sequestration more effectively.
Core displacement experiments indicate that oil recovery of CO2 soaking process after CO2 fracturing is 36%, which
is 12% and 9% higher than those of CO2 huff and puff and
CO2 flooding with 5 pore volume, respectively. Field tests
show that average oil production after CO2 fracturing is
1.42 times higher than that after CO2 flooding, which further
validates the advantage of CO2 fracturing and demonstrates
its huge application potential.