Variabilidad en la explotación y distribución de obsidianas en la Puna Meridional argentina

Abstract

RESUMEN IntroducciónLos estudios de procedencia de recursos líticos han permitido obtener evidencia confiable acerca del movimiento o transporte de los mismos desde sus fuentes específicas hacia otras localidades geográficas. En este sentido, responden a una de las primeras interrogantes que se plantean frente a la presencia de materiales exóticos en los contextos arqueológicos. Esto ha permitido orientar diversas investigaciones hacia la identificación de redes de intercambio prehispánico. Sin embargo, es un hecho que los estudios geoquímicos por sí solos no pueden aportar información acerca de la producción que precede a la distribución como tampoco acerca del consumo de los artefactos líticos transportados. En este sentido, si se considera que el intercambio juega un rol clave en el desarrollo social y económico de los grupos humanos (Scarre 1993) es necesario avanzar en el conocimiento de su naturaleza así como de los mecanismos y estrategias que lo sustentan.

Compositional data supports decentralized model of production and circulation of artifacts in the pre-Columbian south-central Andes

“…[25][26][27][28][29], or through the incorporation of compositional analysis to the study of a variety of materials into broader studies in recent years (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40). However, such studies have selectively focused on individual classes of archaeological evidence (i.e., either pottery or obsidian), unintentionally concealing the substantial complexity of ancient exchange practices.…”

Morphological and geochemical analysis of the Laguna Blanca/Zapaleri obsidian source in the Atacama Puna

“…The visual appearance of this obsidian is bright black, slightly grayish and yellowish to translucent, and occasionally reddish brown, permitting easy identification by sight. The geochemical results indicate that the obsidian collected by Nielsen and collaborators in the grasslands at the edge of Laguna Blanca, and later mentioned as the Zapaleri source by Yacobaccio et al (2002Yacobaccio et al ( , 2004 and Escola (2004), originated from the volcano called Jarellón. Therefore, all the obsidian designated by Nielsen as Laguna Blanca and mentioned by Yacobaccio et al (2002Yacobaccio et al ( , 2004 and Escola (2004) and other researchers in the region as Zapaleri, stems from flows associated with the Jarellón Caldera.…”

“…In the particular case of this source, it was of primary importance to conduct the geochemical analysis by INAA in the laboratory in Missouri, in order to compare our results with obsidian samples from the same source sent to the same laboratory by other researchers in the region. This helps ensure that we are, in fact, dealing with the same obsidian reported initially under the name of Laguna Blanca by Nielsen et al (1999), and later called Zapaleri in various publications (e.g., Escola, 2004;Yacobaccio et al, 2002Yacobaccio et al, , 2004.…”

Ancient social landscapes of northwestern Argentina: preliminary results of an integrated approach to obsidian and ceramic provenance

“…It should be noticed that social interaction in the period has been mostly studied through fine ceramics (but see Ferná ndez and Aschero, 2005;Escola, 2004;Scattolin and Lazzari, 1998). The resulting direct inference of social interaction patterns after the presence or absence of certain ceramic styles at particular locations has obscured the multilayered structure of circulation that characterizes the prehistory of the area (Lazzari, 2005(Lazzari, , 2006.…”