Variability Assessment of Aromatic Rice Germplasm by Pheno-Genomic traits and Population Structure Analysis

Abstract

While the pleasant scent of aromatic rice is making it more popular, with demand for aromatic rice expected to rise in future, varieties of this have low yield potential. Genetic diversity and population structure of aromatic germplasm provide valuable information for yield improvement which has potential market value and farm profit. Here, we show diversity and population structure of 113 rice germplasm based on phenotypic and genotypic traits. Phenotypic traits showed that considerable variation existed across the germplasm. Based on Shannon–Weaver index, the most variable phenotypic trait was lemma-palea color. Detecting 140 alleles, 11 were unique and suitable as a germplasm diagnostic tool. Phylogenetic cluster analysis using genotypic traits classified germplasm into three major groups. Moreover, model-based population structure analysis divided all germplasm into three groups, confirmed by principal component and neighbors joining tree analyses. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and pairwise FST test showed significant differentiation among all population pairs, ranging from 0.023 to 0.068, suggesting that all three groups differed. Significant correlation coefficient was detected between phenotypic and genotypic traits which could be valuable to select further improvement of germplasm. Findings from this study have the potential for future use in aromatic rice molecular breeding programs.

Evaluation of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars from sub-Himalayan Terai region of India for nutritional attributes and blast resistance

“…where aromatic landraces of rice, locally known as ‘bhogdhan’ are cultivated since time immemorial 3 , 4 . Besides aroma these local indigenous rice landraces, collectively regarded as the folk rice cultivars, offers genetic and nutritional diversity, sustainability, reduction in the carbon footprints and imports, tolerance to many diseases and pests due to the broadening of the gene pool, and adaptability to the local soil and climatic conditions 5 . The introduction of High-Yielding Varieties (HYV) in rice cultivation has led to gradual disappearance of folk rice cultivars from farmers field since green revolution 6 – 8 which has resulted in survival of only a handful of these genotypes 9 – 13 .…”

Mapping QTLs underpin nutrition components in aromatic rice germplasm

“…As such, aromatic rice represents a strategic choice for biofortification and is also readily available and popular in Bangladesh, where it comprises short and medium bold types with a mild to strong aroma [15,16]. Although genetic diversity and population structure analysis based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of aromatic rice have been reported [17,18], the micronutrient content for Fe, Zn, amylose, and protein content have not yet been analyzed.…”

Agro-morphological Characterization of Bangladeshi Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm Based on Qualitative Traits

“…Traditional aromatic rice germplasm, which is highly chosen by consumers needs to be characterized that can help in varietal development purpose and their conservation (Islam et al, 2018b). No duplicates were identified among the studied germplasm for qualitative traits in the cluster analysis.…”