Variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

Abstract

Seventeen genotypes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were studied in a field experiment conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during April 2009 to September 2010. The objectives of the study were to measure the variability among the genotypes for yield and yield contributing characters, estimate genetic parameters, association among the characters and their contribution to yield. There was a great deal of significant variation for all the characters among the genotypes. Considering genetic parameters high genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for branches per vine, yield per plant and number of fruit per plant whereas low genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for days to first male and female flowering. In all the cases, it was found that phenotypic co-efficient of variation was greater than genotypic co-efficient of variation. Highest genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation was observed in branch per vine, fruit length, fruit weight and number of fruit plant which indicated a wide variability among the genotypes and offered better scope of selection. The results obtained showed that fruit length showed low direct and positive effect on yield per plant and indirect positive effect on yield per plant via fruit diameter and average fruit weight. Similar result was found for fruit diameter. Average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant showed high direct and positive effect on yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, days to male flowering and fruit length had positive direct effect on fruit yield. Considering group distance and the agronomic performance, the inter genotypic crosses between G2& G5; G2&G14; G14&G15; G2&G15; G10&G11; G10&G13; G11&G13; G5&G15; G5&G14 might be suitable choice for future hybridization programme.

Character Association and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Genotypes

“…Fruit weight had highly significant and positive association with fruit yield per vine (0.70), fruit length (0.64) and fruit width (0.27) and fruit length had significant and positive correlation with fruit yield per vine (0.48). Similar observations were made by earlier workers Yadagiri et al, (2017) for number of fruits per vine, fruit length, Rani et al, (2015) for number of fruits per vine, average fruit weight, pulp thickness in bitter gourd, Khan et al, (2015) for fruit length, average fruit weight, number of fruits per vine in bitter gourd and Yadav and Yadav (2015) for average fruit weight only at phenotypic level, in bitter gourd. 1.00 0.14 Critical r P value = 0.30 at 1% and 0.23 at 5 % *Significant at 5% probability level, **Significant at 1% probability level Where, X 1 =Vine length (m) X 2 =Number of branches per vine X 3 =Internodal length (cm) X 4 =Node at which first male flower appear X 5 =Node at which first female flower appear X 6 =Days to first male flower X 7 =Days to first female flower X 8 =Sex ratio X 9 =Number of fruits per vine X 10 =Fruit weight (g) X 11 =Fruit length (cm) X 12 =Fruit width (mm) X 13 =Fruit yield per vine (kg) 1.00 0.14 Critical r P value = 0.30 at 1% and 0.23 at 5 % *Significant at 5% probability level, **Significant at 1% probability level Where, X 1 =Vine length (m) X 2 =Number of branches per vine X 3 =Internodal length (cm) X 4 =Node at which first male flower appear X 5 =Node at which first female flower appear X 6 =Days to first male flower X 7 =Days to first female flower X 8 =Sex ratio X 9 =Number of fruits per vine X 10 =Fruit weight (g) X 11 =Fruit length (cm) X 12 =Fruit width (mm) X 13 =Fruit yield per vine (kg) Residual effect = 0.38 Bold diagonal value indicates direct effect Critical r P value = 0.302 at 1 per cent and 0.232 at 5 per cent probability level r p = Phenotypic path coefficients with fruit yield per vine (kg)…”

Bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates-eco-friendly next generation plastic: Production, biocompatibility, biodegradation, physical properties and applications

“…Bacteria used for the production of PHAs can be divided to two major groups based on the culture conditions required for PHA synthesis (35). First group of bacteria requires the limitation of an essential nutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium or sulfur for the synthesis of PHA from an excess carbon source.…”

“…It is a prerequisite to standardize all the fermentation conditions, and physical and chemical parameters for the successful implementation of commercial PHA production systems (269)(270)(271)(272)(273). PHAs production costs can be reduced by several means, including the use of cheap substrates, such as whey, favored in countries with important dairy industries, or the enhancement of product yield, for example by using recombinant E. coli (7,35,267,274). Molasses, from either sugarcane or beet, is one potential cheap carbon source for PHA production.…”

“…Bacterial PHAs gained particular interest since they are completely biodegradable, non-toxic, biocompatible and also sources for commercially useful pool of chiral monomers (29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Growing concerns about environmental pollution have renewed interest in the development of PHAs which are totally degraded by microorganisms present in most environments and ecologically useful alternatives to synthetic conventional plastics which are non-degradable, and release harmful chemicals like hydrogen chloride and hydrogen cyanide during incineration (31,34,35). Besides being biodegradable, PHAs are recyclable like the petrochemical thermoplastics (7).…”

Visiting Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia) from a Breeding Perspective: A Review

“…Fruits of wild type plants are generally smaller in size, pointed at both the ends and produced small grey to black seeds while of cultivated plants have fruits of different shapes and size with length ranged up to 60 cm and produced large brown seeds (Walters and Decker-Walters 1988;Yang and Walters 1992). Significant variation was observed for earliness-related traits by Dey et al 2009 andKhan et al 2015. Diversity for ascorbic acid (60.20 mg to 122.07 mg/100 g) among bitter gourd accessions was observed by Dey et al (2005).…”