Variability in isochronous tapping: Higher order dependencies as a function of intertap interval.

Madison, Guy

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.27.2.411

Cited by 123 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The higher duration difference thresholds of SDI at intervals around 1000 ms, in contrast, would be interpreted as based on disturbances of additional cognitive processes that come into play only at longer intervals. Based on prior studies using tapping tasks, there is evidence that a specific temporal processing function occurs in a time range between approximately 300 ms and one or two seconds (Madison, 2001;Mates et al, 1994;Wittmann et al, 2001). In fact, inferring from a recent synchronization tapping study employing a secondary attention task, Miyake et al (2004) concluded that in a time range between 450 to 1500 ms automatic processing that is not strongly affected by attention, whereas attention and working memory affect intervals in the range between 1800 and 3600 ms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different temporal processing mechanisms seem to be involved for different time scales (Buhusi and Meck, 2005;Mauk and Buonomano, 2004;Wittmann, 1999). Temporal integration windows of around 250 to 500 ms (Rammsayer, 1999;Wittmann et al, 2001), of around 1 second (Madison, 2001) and for intervals up to 2 to 3 seconds (Fraisse, 1984;Pöppel, 1997;Wittmann et al, 2007) have been postulated. To probe temporal processing at a variety of time scales, from the milliseconds range to the seconds range, a set of tasks was employed assessing duration discrimination, temporal reproduction, time estimation, and paced finger tapping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjects

Wittmann

Leland

Churan

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

151

152

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Stimulant-dependent individuals (SDI) have abnormal brain metabolism and structural changes involving dopaminergic target areas important for the processing of time. These individuals are also more impulsive and impaired in working memory and attention. The current study tested whether SDI show altered temporal processing in relation to impulsivity or impaired prefrontal cortex functioning. We employed a series of timing tasks aimed to examine time processing from the milliseconds to multiple seconds range and assessed cognitive function in 15 male SDI and 15 stimulant-naïve individuals. A mediation analysis determined the degree to which impulsivity or executive dysfunctions contributed to group differences in time processing. SDI showed several abnormal time processing characteristics. SDI needed larger time differences for effective duration discrimination, particularly for intervals of around 1 sec. SDI also accelerated finger tapping during a continuation period after a 1 Hz pacing stimulus was removed. In addition, SDI overestimated the duration of a relatively long time interval, an effect which was attributable to higher impulsivity. Taken together, these data show for the first time that SDI exhibit altered time processing in several domains, one which can be explained by increased impulsivity. Altered time processing in SDI could explain why SDI have difficulty delaying gratification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjects

Wittmann

Leland

Churan

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

151

152

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show abstract

“…We have investigated this issue using a simple motor timing behavior, isochronous serial interval production (ISIP), where the participants produce self-paced tapping movements with an even beat. The temporal variability of the produced intervals can be divided into local tap-to-tap variability (Local) and slow drift in tapping frequency (Drift) (Madison 2001;). We have earlier argued that Drift depends on short-term memory of previously performed intervals, and is likely to be more sensitive to top-down influences than Local, which appears to reflects unsystematic random noise (Madison 2001;Madison and Delignières 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligence and temporal accuracy of behaviour: unique and shared associations with reaction time and motor timing

2011

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Intelligence and temporal accuracy of behavior: unique and shared associations with reaction time and motor timing Experimental Brain Research, 2011, Vol. 214, Issue 2, p. 175 -183 doi 10.1007/s00221-011-2817 Access to the published version may require subscription. Published with permission from: Springer AbstractIntelligence is associated with accuracy in a wide range of timing tasks. One source of such associations is likely to be individual differences in top-down control, e.g. sustained attention, that influence performance in both temporal tasks and other cognitively controlled behaviors.In addition, we have studied relations between intelligence and a simple rhythmic motor task, isochronous serial interval production (ISIP), and found a substantial component of that relation, which is independent of fluctuations in top-down control. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate whether such bottom-up mechanisms are involved also in the relation between intelligence and reaction time (RT) tasks. We thus investigated if common variance between the ISIP and RT tasks underlies their respective associations with intelligence. 112 participants performed a simple RT task, a choice RT task and the ISIP task.Intelligence was assessed with the Raven SPM Plus. The analysed timing variables included mean and variability in the RT tasks and two variance components in the ISIP task. As predicted, RT and ISIP variables were associated with intelligence. The timing variables were positively intercorrelated and a principal component analysis revealed a substantial first principal component that was strongly related to all timing variables, and positively correlated with intelligence. Furthermore, a commonality analysis demonstrated that the relations between intelligence and the timing variables involved a commonality between the timing variables as well as unique contributions from choice RT and ISIP. We discuss possible implications of these findings, and argue that they support our main hypothesis, i.e. that relations between intelligence and RT tasks have a bottom-up component.

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“…As a consequence, the detrending procedure applied here would have been insufficient to compensate for the ensuing nonlinearities in the produced drift. Madison (2001) showed that this kind of influence results in lag-one autocorrelation estimates closer to zero (i.e., less negative than the WKmodel predicts). Despite the deviations from linearity and the fact that drift can be modeled in a variety of ways (Madison 2001;Collier and Ogden 2004), the linear fit found here was well within the range of the constant frequency conditions, implying that the subjects followed the instructions to a satisfactory degree.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The most likely explanation of this finding is that subjects did not perform a purely linear drift. There is evidence that drift perception is governed by a detection threshold for a change in tempo (e.g., Madison 2001). If drift production involves a similar process, drift would show abrupt changes and would not be linear and monotonic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tapping with intentional drift

2008

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When tapping a desired frequency, subjects tend to drift away from this target frequency. This compromises the estimate of the correlation between inter-tap intervals (ITIs) as predicted by the two-level model of Wing and Kristofferson which consists of an internal timer ('clock') and motor delays. Whereas previous studies on the timing of rhythmic tapping attempted to eliminate drift, we compared the production of three constant frequencies (1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 Hz) to the production of tapping sequences with a linearly decreasing inter-tap interval (ITI) (corresponding to an increase in tapping frequency from 1.5 to 2.5 Hz). For all conditions a synchronization-continuation paradigm was used. Tapping forces and electromyograms of the index-finger flexor and extensor were recorded and ITIs were derived yielding interval variability and model parameters, i.e., clock and motor variances. Electromyographic recordings served to study the influence of tapping frequency on the peripheral part of the tap event. The condition with an increasing frequency was more difficult to perform, as evidenced by an increase in deviation from the intended ITIs. In general, tapping frequency affected force level, inter-tap variability, model parameters, and muscle co-activation. Parameters for the condition with a decreasing ITI were comparable to those found in the constant frequency conditions. That is, although tapping with an intentional drift is different from constant tapping and more difficult to perform, the timing properties of both forms of tapping are remarkably similar and described well by the Wing and Kristofferson model.

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Variability in isochronous tapping: Higher order dependencies as a function of intertap interval.

Cited by 123 publications

References 41 publications

Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjects

Impaired time perception and motor timing in stimulant-dependent subjects

Intelligence and temporal accuracy of behaviour: unique and shared associations with reaction time and motor timing

Tapping with intentional drift

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