Variability in mangrove change estimates and implications for the assessment of ecosystem service provision

Friess, Daniel A.; Webb, Edward L.

doi:10.1111/geb.12140

Cited by 128 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Mangroves, which once occupied 75% of tropical and subtropical coastlines, are now seriously threatened by coastal development and climate change, including sea level rise (Friess & Webb, 2014). In many countries, mangrove swamps are being cut to provide firewood or building material and are being destroyed by development of shrimp ponds (Alongi, 2002;Heumann, 2011;Pinet, 2009;Tomlinson, 1995;Vaiphasa, Ongsomwang, Vaiphasa, & Skidmore, 2005;Wang & Sousa, 2009).…”

Section: Mangrovesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective HyspIRI global observations of tidal wetlands

Turpie

Klemas

Byrd

et al. 2015

Remote Sensing of Environment

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a b s t r a c tTidal wetlands are highly productive and act as critical habitat for a wide variety of plants, fish, shellfish, and other wildlife. These ecotones between aquatic and terrestrial environments also provide protection from storm damage, run-off filtering, and recharge of aquifers. Many wetlands along coasts have been exposed to stress-inducing alterations globally, including dredge and fill operations, hydrologic modifications, pollutants, impoundments, fragmentation by roads/ditches, and sea level rise. For wetland protection and sensible coastal development, there is a need to monitor these ecosystems at global and regional scales. Recent advances in satellite sensor design and data analysis are providing practical methods for monitoring natural and man-made changes in wetlands. However, available satellite remote sensors have been limited to mapping primarily wetland location and extent. This paper describes how the HyspIRI hyperspectral and thermal infrared sensors can be used to study and map key ecological properties, such as species composition, biomass, hydrology, and evapotranspiration of tidal salt and brackish marshes and mangroves, and perhaps other major wetland types, including freshwater marshes and wooded/shrub wetlands.

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Section: Mangrovesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective HyspIRI global observations of tidal wetlands

Turpie

Klemas

Byrd

et al. 2015

Remote Sensing of Environment

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“…Southeast Asia contains the greatest diversity of mangrove species (7) and more than one-third of the world's mangrove forest extent (8). Estimates of historical mangrove deforestation are unreliable in many instances (9), but Asia may have lost more than one-third of its mangrove area between the 1980s and 1990s (10). Such deforestation has had substantial negative impacts on biodiversity, with 16% of the world's mangrove vegetation species now at an elevated risk of extinction (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In general, the current importance of different drivers of mangrove conversion is not clear, in part because previous analyses focused on longer-term changes over several decades (10,16,21), hindering assessment of recent and contemporary trends. In addition, several previous studies used national-level government statistics (10,15,16), but these data may be unreliable (9,22), and do not allow analysis of spatial variation in drivers within countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012

Richards

Friess

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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889

516

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The mangrove forests of Southeast Asia are highly biodiverse and provide multiple ecosystem services upon which millions of people depend. Mangroves enhance fisheries and coastal protection, and store among the highest densities of carbon of any ecosystem globally. Mangrove forests have experienced extensive deforestation owing to global demand for commodities, and previous studies have identified the expansion of aquaculture as largely responsible. The proportional conversion of mangroves to different land use types has not been systematically quantified across Southeast Asia, however, particularly in recent years. In this study we apply a combined geographic information system and remote sensing method to quantify the key proximate drivers (i.e., replacement land uses) of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia between 2000 and 2012. Mangrove forests were lost at an average rate of 0.18% per year, which is lower than previously published estimates. In total, more than 100,000 ha of mangroves were removed during the study period, with aquaculture accounting for 30% of this total forest change. The rapid expansion of rice agriculture in Myanmar, and the sustained conversion of mangroves to oil palm plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia, are identified as additional increasing and under-recognized threats to mangrove ecosystems. Our study highlights frontiers of mangrove deforestation in the border states of Myanmar, on Borneo, and in Indonesian Papua. To implement policies that conserve mangrove forests across Southeast Asia, it is essential to consider the national and subnational variation in the land uses that follow deforestation.

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“…Overall, this modeled global distribution of coastal environmental settings may provide the necessary scaling factor to estimate global biogeochemical analyses as influenced by coastal morphology. Improving the accuracy of estimates of the contribution of coastal zones to CO 2 dynamics in the atmosphere is critical given the elevated rates of CO 2 exchange in these ecosystems and the rates of land‐use change associated with coastal zones that may affect these C fluxes (Friess and Webb ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal morphology explains global blue carbon distributions

Twilley

Rovai

Riul

2018

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

146

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Because mangroves store greater amounts of carbon (C) per area than any other terrestrial ecosystem, conservation of mangrove forests on a global scale represents a potentially meaningful strategy for mitigating atmospheric greenhouse‐gas (GHG) emissions. However, analyses of how coastal ecosystems influence the global C cycle also require the mapping of ecosystem area across the Earth's surface to estimate C storage and flux (movement) in order to compare how different ecosystem types may mitigate GHG enrichment in the atmosphere. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on diverse coastal morphology (that is, different coastal environmental settings resulting from how rivers, tides, waves, and climate have shaped coastal landforms) to explain global variations in mangrove C storage, using soil organic carbon (SOC) as a model to more accurately determine mangrove contributions to global C dynamics. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first global mangrove area estimate occupying distinct coastal environmental settings, comparing the role of terrigenous and carbonate settings as global “blue carbon” hotspots. C storage in deltaic settings has been overestimated, while SOC stocks in carbonate settings have been underestimated by up to 50%. We encourage the scientific community, which has largely focused on blue carbon estimates, to incorporate coastal environmental settings into their evaluations of C stocks, to obtain more robust estimates of global C stocks.

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Variability in mangrove change estimates and implications for the assessment of ecosystem service provision

Cited by 128 publications

References 40 publications

Prospective HyspIRI global observations of tidal wetlands

Prospective HyspIRI global observations of tidal wetlands

Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012

Coastal morphology explains global blue carbon distributions

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