Variability in the size of emerging drones and of drone and worker eggs in honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>L.) colonies

Henderson, Carol E.

doi:10.1080/00218839.1992.11101271

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Drone eggs were found to be longer and wider than worker eggs (Reinhardt, 1960). But size differences are quite small, which might be the reason that Henderson (1991) did not find a significant difference between male and female eggs. Worker eggs develop slightly more rapidly than drone eggs at the same temperature (Harbo and Bolten, 1981), so that female larvae hatched in the study of Harbo and Bolten at 34.8 °C after 71.4 ± 1.2 h (mean ± sd) and male larvae about 3 h later.…”

Section: Development and Nutrition Of Worker And Drone Larvaementioning

confidence: 96%

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Differences in drone and worker physiology in honeybees (Apis mellifera)

2005

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-Drones and workers have completely different roles in a honeybee colony. This is reflected in many physiological, morphological and behavioural differences. Our overview mainly focuses on aspects of diet and metabolism in larvae and adults, and on the physiology of digestion. As larvae, drones have different protein and sugar requirements than workers, and in each life stage drones and workers differ in body composition (percentages of glycogen, lipids and proteins). Like queens, drones as adults are nourished by worker-prepared food, and compared to workers their ability to digest is reduced. Mature drones fly usually only under optimal weather conditions. Their flight metabolism and resting metabolism also differ from those of workers. We discuss these differences as adaptations to the different functions of the two sexes within the colony as a superorganism.nutrition / digestion / enzymes / energy metabolism / body reserves

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Section: Development and Nutrition Of Worker And Drone Larvaementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Both types of eggs vary in size over the season and between colonies (Henderson, 1991). Drone eggs were found to be longer and wider than worker eggs (Reinhardt, 1960).…”

Section: Development and Nutrition Of Worker And Drone Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in drone and worker physiology in honeybees (Apis mellifera)

2005

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“…Remember, most analytical balances have a precision or readability of 0.1 mg which is sufficient for larvae and adults, but near the weight of an egg. To precisely determine the latter, we recommend measuring egg length following Henderson (1992) or use a high precision micro balance.…”

Section: Balance Required For Weighing Individual Bees or Larvae Or Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miscellaneous standard methods forApis melliferaresearch

Human

Brodschneider

Dietemann

et al. 2013

Journal of Apicultural Research

228

138

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SummaryA variety of methods are used in honey bee research and differ depending on the level at which the research is conducted. On an individual level, the handling of individual honey bees, including the queen, larvae and pupae are required. There are different methods for the immobilising, killing and storing as well as determining individual weight of bees. The precise timing of developmental stages is also an important aspect of sampling individuals for experiments. In order to investigate and manipulate functional processes in honey bees, e.g. memory formation and retrieval and gene expression, microinjection is often used. A method that is used by both researchers and beekeepers is the marking of queens that serves not only to help to locate her during her life, but also enables the dating of queens. Creating multiple queen colonies allows the beekeeper to maintain spare queens, increase brood production or ask questions related to reproduction. On colony level, very useful techniques are the measurement of intra hive mortality using dead bee traps, weighing of full hives, collecting pollen and nectar, and digital monitoring of brood development via location recognition. At the population level, estimation of population density is essential to evaluate the health status and using beelines help to locate wild colonies. These methods, described in this paper, are especially valuable when investigating the effects of pesticide applications, environmental pollution and diseases on colony survival. Métodos estándar diversos para la investigación en Apis mellifera ResumenEn la investigación de la abeja de la miel, se han usado una variedad de métodos que se diferencian en función del nivel en el que se realiza la investigación. Al nivel individual, el manejo de las abejas individuales es necesario, incluyendo a la reina, las larvas y las pupas. Existen diferentes métodos para la inmovilización, mortandad y almacenamiento, así como para la determinación del peso individual de las abejas. La precisión en la sincronización de las etapas de desarrollo es también un aspecto importante de los experimentos con muestreos individuales.La microinyección se utiliza a menudo con el fin de investigar y manipular los procesos funcionales de las abejas melíferas, como por ejemplo, la formación y recuperación de la memoria y la expresión génica. Un método utilizado tanto por investigadores como apicultores es el marcado de las reinas, que sirve no sólo para ayudar a localizarlas durante su vida, sino que también permite su datación. La creación de varias colmenas a partir de reinas permite al apicultor mantener reinas de repuesto, aumentar la producción de cría o hacer preguntas relacionadas con la reproducción. Al nivel de colmena, la medición de la mortalidad intra colmena utilizando trampas de abejas muertas, el pesaje de las colmenas completas, la recolección de polen y néctar, y el seguimiento digital del desarrollo de la cría a través del reconocimiento de su ubicación, son algunas de las técnicas más útiles. Al nivel p...

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“…According to Woyke (1993a) (Hejtmanek, 1961;Jordan, 1961;Henderson, 1992) presented variation in eggs size throughout the season. Egg sizes found in this paper were similar to those presented by Hejtmanek (1961), a little larger than those (probably of A m carnica) by Jordan (1961), and a little smaller than those (probably of A m ligustica) by Henderson (1992 (Woyke, 1993b) it can be supposed that in this investigation eggs of varying age were collected from each colony.…”

Section: Length Of Eggsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Henderson (1992) compared size of fertilized and unfertilized eggs deposited by two queens during 2.5 months. According to Borodacheva (1973), queens reared from heavier eggs were heavier and had more ovarioles than those from lighter ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the size of eggs from Apis mellifera L queens and laying workers

Woyke

1994

Apidologie

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Summary — The shortest eggs laid by A m mellifera laying workers were shorter, and the longest were longer than eggs deposited by queens. The coefficient of variance for length of eggs deposited by laying workers was 3.5 times higher than for eggs from queens. Eggs from queens were longer (1.620 mm), but narrower (0.368 mm) than eggs from laying workers (1.579 and 0.378 mm). Correlation coefficient between length and width was significant for eggs from laying workers but not from queens. Both types of A mellifera eggs were longer than eggs from A florea queens, but shorter than from A florea laying workers.

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Variability in the size of emerging drones and of drone and worker eggs in honey bee (Apis melliferaL.) colonies

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Differences in drone and worker physiology in honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Differences in drone and worker physiology in honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Miscellaneous standard methods forApis melliferaresearch

Comparison of the size of eggs from Apis mellifera L queens and laying workers

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