Variability in Urinary Mercury Excretion

Wallis, George; Barber, Tracy E.

doi:10.1097/00043764-198208000-00013

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Yet our results for the entire group of chloralkali plant workers indicate that similar numbers of measurements would be required if blood or uncorrected urinary mercury were used to estimate individual workers' mean levels in a regression analysis (Table 2). Because variations in urinary flow rate (e.g., due to variable water intake) increase the variability in urinary mercury concentrations in spot samples (33), creatinine-corrected urinary mercury produced less variable results and thus yielded the expected benefits when compared to mercury in blood. Nevertheless, in situations when the primary aim of biological monitoring is to detect temporary peak exposures rather than to assess the long-term body burden of mercury, mercury in blood would be a superior measure, owing to the damping of such peaks in urinary levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Airborne and Biological Measures of Exposure to Mercury in the Chloralkali Industry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies

Symanski¹,

Sällsten²,

Barregård³

2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Exposure assessment is a critical component of epidemiologic studies, and more sophisticated approaches require that variation in exposure be considered. We examined the intr-and interindividual sources ofvariation in exposure to mercury vapor as measured in air, blood, and urine among four groups of workers during 1990-1997 at a Swedish chloralii plant. Consistent with the underlying kdnetics of mercury in the body, the variability of biological measures was dampened considerably relative to Intraindividual variability in exposure can induce error in exposure assessment and thereby can adversely affect epidemiologic studies by reducing the power to detect associations and by diminishing measures of effect (8-13). To assess the magnitude of the error in an exposure measure, the well-established techniques of analysis of variance can be applied (when repeated measurements on study subjects are available) to estimate the magnitude of the intra-and interindividual sources of variation. Information contained in the estimated variance components can then be used to assess the bias in measures of effect and to optimize study design in terms of the number of workers to be studied and the number of samples to collect.In the chloralkali industry, exposure to mercury vapor (Hg0) can occur during the production of chlorine through the electrolysis of a brine solution in mercury cells (14). Exposure can be monitored by measuring mercury in the breathing zone of exposed workers using either active or passive personal sampling techniques (15) (17). To correct for urinary flow rate, mercury concentrations in urine were adjusted for creatinine, which was analyzed with a modified kinetic Jaffd method (18). There

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Airborne and Biological Measures of Exposure to Mercury in the Chloralkali Industry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies

Symanski¹,

Sällsten²,

Barregård³

2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Various studies have shown a substantial diurnal varia tion in urinary mercury excretion (12,13). To reduce this variability, we analyzed the mercury concentrations in morni ng urine samp les and corrected for urin ary dilution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary mercury excretion in chloralkali workers after the cessation of exposure.

Ellingsen¹,

Thomassen²,

Langård³

et al. 1993

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…8,13 In fact, more than 50% of the initially absorbed dose is deposited in the kidneys, with the brain, liver, spleen, bone marrow, muscles, and skin being minor reservoirs for absorbed mercury. 14 The major pathways for elimination of mercury from the body are via the feces and the urine. The half-life for the whole body is 40-60 days, while the half-life for the lungs is 2 days, the blood is 2-4 days, the brain is 21 days, and the kidneys is 40-60 days.…”

Section: Mercury Exposure-related Health Effects and Exposure Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA 2001-0081-2877, Glass Masters Neon, Savannah, Georgia.

2002

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Variability in Urinary Mercury Excretion

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Variability in Airborne and Biological Measures of Exposure to Mercury in the Chloralkali Industry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies

Variability in Airborne and Biological Measures of Exposure to Mercury in the Chloralkali Industry: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies

Urinary mercury excretion in chloralkali workers after the cessation of exposure.

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA 2001-0081-2877, Glass Masters Neon, Savannah, Georgia.

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