Variability of Settling Characteristics of Solids in Dry and Wet Weather Flows in Combined Sewers: Implications for CSO Treatment

Krishnappan, B. G.; Exall, Kirsten; Maršálek, Jiří; Rochfort, Quintin; Kydd, Steven; Baker, Mark A.; Stephens, R. P.

doi:10.1007/s11270-012-1085-9

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Combined sewer overflows are major sources of intermittent pollution impacting the receiving water in many urban areas serviced by combined sewers [2]. Solid particles that cannot be transported at a certain hydraulic conditions can form deposits carried by wastewater and stormwater [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate on Phosphorus Release Processes at the Sediment and Water Interface in Storm Sewer

Liu

Li³

et al. 2013

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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The effects of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and flow rate on the phosphorus (P) release processes at the sediment and water interface in rainwater pipes were investigated. The sampling was conducted in a residential storm sewer of North Li Shi Road in Xi Cheng District of Beijing on August 3, 2011. The release rate of P increased with the increase of pH from 8 to 10. High temperature is favorable for the release of P. The concentration of total phosphorus (TP) in the overlying water increased as the concentration of DO decreased. With the increase of flow rate from 0.7 m s−1 to 1.1 m s−1, the concentration of TP in the overlying water increased and then tends to be stable. Among all the factors examined in the present study, the flow rate is the primary influence factor on P release. The cumulative amount of P release increased with the process of pipeline runoff in the rainfall events with high intensities and shorter durations. Feasible measures such as best management practices and low-impact development can be conducted to control the P release on urban sediments by slowing down the flow rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate on Phosphorus Release Processes at the Sediment and Water Interface in Storm Sewer

Liu

Li³

et al. 2013

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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“…The particle settling velocity distribution (PSVD) was assessed with two peer‐reviewed methods currently in use for raw wastewater samples (e.g., at the inlet of WRRFs and in sewer systems): the experimental protocol ViCAs (a French acronym for settling velocity in wastewater) developed by Chebbo and Gromaire () as a static settling device, and the elutriation method (Krishnappan et al, ) as a dynamic settling device. Both methods have been extensively used and applied to characterize stormwater, sewage, and wastewater along the WRRFs treatment chain.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The height of these settling columns varies between 0.2 and 1.8 m, with sample volumes ranging between 1 and 40 L. Also, some protocols include a sample preparation step applying a pretreatment such as sieving or settleable solids preselection (Aiguier et al, ; Lucas‐Aiguier, Chebbo, Bertrand‐Krajewski, Gagné, & Hedges, ). In addition, on several occasions, these methods have been compared and the results show different PSVD curves (Aiguier et al, ; Krishnappan et al, ; Lucas‐Aiguier et al, ). Lucas‐Aiguier et al () pointed out that these differences are probably due to the different sizing of the columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the settleability of grit particles

Plana

Pauléat²,

Gadbois³

et al. 2019

Water Environment Research

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Grit chambers are installed at the headworks of a water resource recovery facility (WRRF) to reduce the impact of grit particles to the equipment and processes downstream. This settling process should thus be designed and operated in an efficient way. Despite the importance of knowing settling characteristics for design and operation of grit chambers, previous grit definitions have been based only on particle size characteristics, and not on settling velocities. Thus, this study presents an evaluation of the performance of two promising settling velocity characterization methods, ViCAs and elutriation, to characterize wastewater particles in view of the design and the optimization of the efficiency of the grit removal unit. © 2019 Water Environment Federation • Practitioner points• Settling characteristics are the governing parameter for grit chamber design. Since grit particles are vastly heterogeneous, it is preferred to measure these characteristics directly rather than to estimate them from particle size (and assumptions of density, form factor, …). • More detailed settling information about grit particles can improve grit chamber design and estimation of removal performance. • Adapted ViCAs and elutriation methods for faster settling particles allow studying the particle settling characteristics in a grit chamber. These methods are simple, fast, and cheap and only require small wastewater samples. • A relationship was found between the influent TSS concentration and the location of the PSVD curve, with higher TSS concentrations corresponding to higher settling velocities. • It was demonstrated that the dynamics of the wastewater characteristics under dry, wet, and snowmelt weather conditions influence grit settling characteristics.

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“…Dimensions of the apparatus are greater than other settling velocity devices (e.g. Krishnappan et al, 2012), but apposite due to the larger dimensions of gross solids compared to other sewer particulates.…”

Section: Study Areas and Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross solids from combined sewers in dry weather and storms, elucidating production, storage and social factors

Spence

Digman²,

Balmforth

et al. 2015

Urban Water Journal

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Variability of Settling Characteristics of Solids in Dry and Wet Weather Flows in Combined Sewers: Implications for CSO Treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate on Phosphorus Release Processes at the Sediment and Water Interface in Storm Sewer

Effects of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate on Phosphorus Release Processes at the Sediment and Water Interface in Storm Sewer

Characterizing the settleability of grit particles

Gross solids from combined sewers in dry weather and storms, elucidating production, storage and social factors

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