Variability of the phenolic profiles in the fruits from old, recent and new apple cultivars cultivated in Belgium

Paepe, Domien De; Valkenborg, Dirk; Noten, Bart; Servaes, Kelly; Diels, Ludo; Loose, Marc De; Droogenbroeck, Bart Van; Voorspoels, Stefan

doi:10.1007/s11306-014-0730-2

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In total, the apple fruits contained 3.8 mg/g dry weight (DW) phenolic compounds (without quinic acid). This total concentration is higher compared to De Paepe, Valkenborg, et al (), who analyzed phenolic compounds in 47 apple cultivars. The flesh (without peel) of the same apple cultivar contained 1.4 mg/g DW, while in our study also the peel of the apple was included in the sample, explaining the higher concentration of phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Concentration of phenolic compounds from apple pomace extracts by nanofiltration at lab and pilot scale with a techno‐economic assessment

Uyttebroek¹,

Vandezande²,

Dael

et al. 2017

J Food Process Engineering

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Apple pomace can be used as resource for the extraction of phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties. Pressing of apple in juice and pomace at lab scale in open air (aerobic) and under N2 atmosphere (anaerobic) showed a recovery of phenolic compounds of 85% in juice and pomace after anaerobic pressing, compared to 43% after aerobic pressing, indicating loss of phenolic compounds by oxidation and the advantage of anaerobic over aerobic pressing. After a membrane screening and concentration test at lab scale, the commercial nanofiltration membrane NFX was selected to concentrate phenolic compounds in an ethanol : water extract of apple pomace. At pilot scale, the concencentration of 10 selected phenolic compounds and quinic acid increased from 59.5 mg/L in the ethanol : water extract to 1256.1 mg/L in the final retentate, that is, by a factor 21.1. The volume of the crude extract was reduced by a factor of 28.5 during the filtration, indicating some loss of phenolic compounds during pilot testing due to membrane fouling or oxidation of polyphenols. The pilot concentration test using a spiral‐wound membrane module showed good flux and concentration of phenolic compounds, indicating the technical feasibility of membrane technology for efficient concentration of polyphenols in an ethanol : water extraction solvent. Unfortunately, the extraction and concentration process was not economically feasible under the assumptions made. Practical applications The valorization of food waste for the production of high‐added value products is an increasingly hot topic. Phytochemicals are present in relatively low concentration in the fruit matrix, and concentration in the extraction solvent is necessary to develop an industrially relevant process. In this study, membrane filtration was selected for concentration due to its low energy consumption and mild processing conditions compared to other technologies. Membrane screening and testing at lab and pilot scale with techno‐economic assessment can be used by food and nutraceutical industries to evaluate membrane technology for concentration of phytochemicals extracted from agroindustrial by‐products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Concentration of phenolic compounds from apple pomace extracts by nanofiltration at lab and pilot scale with a techno‐economic assessment

Uyttebroek¹,

Vandezande²,

Dael

et al. 2017

J Food Process Engineering

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“…Quercetin is one of the most potent plant antioxidants . ‘GD’, the less susceptible cultivar, was richer than ‘Br’ in quercetin and its glucosides in both flesh and peel . These compounds are classified as phenolics, and were found to have been consumed in the diseased apples of ‘Br’, at 14 days post inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are a major source of antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid (AsA), also known as vitamin C, and phenolic compounds. 1 Preharvest conditions during the cultivation of apples have an impact on the levels of phytochemicals and these can relate to the postharvest resistance of apple fruit to pathogens. Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen, which causes preharvest and postharvest disease (gray mold) in apple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Botrytis cinerea differentially induces postharvest antioxidant responses in ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple fruit

Bui

Wright

Falk³

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND The fruit of two apple cultivars – ‘Braeburn’, which is susceptible to inoculation with Botrytis cinerea, and the less susceptible cv. ‘Golden Delicious’ – were investigated with respect to their response to inoculation with B. cinerea. Successful infection by B. cinerea leads to an oxidative burst and perturbation of plant redox homeostasis. To investigate the interaction between apple fruit and B. cinerea, antioxidant metabolism in fruit samples from sun‐exposed and shaded sides of different tissue types was measured over time. RESULTS The sun‐exposed tissue of ‘Braeburn’ had higher initial levels of total vitamin C in the peel and phenolic compounds in the flesh than ‘Golden Delicious’, despite its greater susceptibility to gray mold. A substantial antioxidant response was recorded in diseased ‘Braeburn’ fruit 14 days after inoculation, which involved an elevated superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbate peroxidase activity, a progressive oxidation of total vitamin C, and a decrease in peroxidase activity and phenolic content. Disease development was slower on the sun‐exposed sides than on the shaded sides. CONCLUSION The two cultivars appeared to utilize different strategies to defend themselves against B. cinerea. ‘Golden Delicious’ almost entirely escaped infection. Preharvest exposure of apple fruit to high light / temperature stress appears to prepare them to better resist subsequent postharvest attack and disease. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…They performed PCA, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis to identify metabolites specific for certain traits such as antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds, and total anthocyanins. De Paepe et al performed an LC–MS study that focused on the analyses of known phenolic compounds [ 10 ]. Forty-seven cultivars belonging to classic/new, heritage, or red-flesh cultivars were analyzed and could be unambiguously identified in PCA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted NMR Spectroscopic Analysis of the Metabolic Variety of New Apple Cultivars

et al. 2016

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Metabolome analyses by NMR spectroscopy can be used in quality control by generating unique fingerprints of different species. Hundreds of components and their variation between different samples can be analyzed in a few minutes/hours with high accuracy and low cost of sample preparation. Here, apple peel and pulp extracts of a variety of apple cultivars were studied to assess their suitability to discriminate between the different varieties. The cultivars comprised mainly newly bred varieties or ones that were brought onto the market in recent years. Multivariate analyses of peel and pulp extracts were able to unambiguously identify all cultivars, with peel extracts showing a higher discriminative power. The latter was increased if the highly concentrated sugar metabolites were omitted from the analysis. Whereas sugar concentrations lay within a narrow range, polyphenols, discussed as potential health promoting substances, and acids varied remarkably between the cultivars.

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Variability of the phenolic profiles in the fruits from old, recent and new apple cultivars cultivated in Belgium

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Concentration of phenolic compounds from apple pomace extracts by nanofiltration at lab and pilot scale with a techno‐economic assessment

Concentration of phenolic compounds from apple pomace extracts by nanofiltration at lab and pilot scale with a techno‐economic assessment

Botrytis cinerea differentially induces postharvest antioxidant responses in ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple fruit

Untargeted NMR Spectroscopic Analysis of the Metabolic Variety of New Apple Cultivars

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