Variation in leaf trichomes of Wigandia urens: environmental factors and physiological consequences

Pérez-Estrada, Leticia B.; Cano‐Santana, Zenón; Oyama, Ken

doi:10.1093/treephys/20.9.629

Cited by 108 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Genotype and environmental conditions also likely affect trichome densities. In Wigandia urens, for instance, a higher light intensity increased the trichome density (Pérez-Estrada et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Modelling Processes Determining and Limiting the Production of Secondary Metabolites During Crop Growth: The Example of the Antimalarial Artemisinin Produced in Artemisia Annua

Lommen¹,

Bouwmeester²,

Schenk³

et al. 2008

Acta Hortic.

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The quantitative insight in processes underlying yield and concentrations of interesting secondary metabolites in crops is still limited. Yet, this insight is essential to further improve crops and commercial production of target metabolites. Artemisia annua L. (annual or sweet wormwood, Asteraceae) was used to conceptualize a model to describe the processes determining and limiting the production of target metabolites during crop growth. A. annua is an annual herb producing the antimalarial artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone with an endoperoxide bridge. Artemisinin is predominantly produced in glandular trichomes present on the leaves and inflorescences. Leaves are the most important organs harvested in commercial production. The accumulation of artemisinin in the crop was analysed as the resultant of the key processes determining leaf dry weight production, accumulation of artemisinin in the leaves and losses after synthesis. A yield formation modelling approach was used to quantify artemisinin yield as a function of the individual processes and to study which processes limited production. Leaf dry weight production was limited by low total dry matter production of the crop because of poor radiation interception during early canopy expansion, and by a high proportion of dry matter allocated to stems that do not contribute to artemisinin production. Production of the target metabolite in the leaves was limited because the total production of artemisinin precursors per unit leaf dry weight was low and because the conversion of precursors to artemisinin was only partial. Possibilities to increase the values of the different yield components are discussed. A new, simple, model for explaining variation in artemisinin yield based on leaf and trichome production in combination with biosynthesis of artemisinin is proposed. INTRODUCTIONInterest in plant secondary metabolites that have a protective or curative effect on human diseases has been renewed. These compounds can be taken in as drugs or as part of food and beverages. Yields and concentrations of target metabolites in crops or crop products are usually low and highly variable over studies. Also within crops, concentrations vary. The causes of these fluctuations are often unknown because commercial production methods are commonly based on applied dose-effect studies with limited attention to the crop physiology behind the effects. A great need exists for more insight into the different processes underlying the accumulation of the secondary metabolites of interest. An improved understanding can lead to more stable yield levels and concentrations, better breeding strategies, more founded selection of production environments, and agronomical and technological innovations in the production chain.To achieve a full and quantitative understanding of accumulation of secondary metabolites is difficult because mechanisms underlying their yields and concentrations in crops are more complex than those underlying yield of plant organs, yield of primary

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Modelling Processes Determining and Limiting the Production of Secondary Metabolites During Crop Growth: The Example of the Antimalarial Artemisinin Produced in Artemisia Annua

Lommen¹,

Bouwmeester²,

Schenk³

et al. 2008

Acta Hortic.

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“…However, because these traits also reduce the loss of water in leaves ( HeideJørgensen, 1990 ;Oertli et al, 1990 ) and increase the dissipation of solar radiation ( Ehleringer and Cook, 1990 ;Woodman and Fernandes, 1991 ;Pérez-Estrada et al, 2000 ), toughness and trichomes could also be selected by the abiotic environment prevailing in the sand dunes of the study site. Leaf toughness can play a major role in plant survival and performance, particularly at our study site where soils are highly permeable with low water and nutrient retention Table 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of plant resistance traits in selectiveness and species strength in a tropical plant‐herbivore network

López-Carretero

Boege

Díaz‐Castelazo

et al. 2016

American J of Botany

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PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Plant-herbivore networks are highly specialized in their interactions, yet they are highly variable with regard to the relative importance of specifi c host species for herbivores. How host species traits determine specialization and species strength in this antagonistic network is still an unanswered question that we addressed in this study. METHODS:We assessed plant cover and antiherbivore resistance traits to assess the extent to which they accounted for the variation in specialization and strength of interactions among species in a plant-herbivore network. We studied a tropical antagonistic network including a diverse herbivore-host plant assemblages in diff erent habitat types and climatic seasons, including host plants with diff erent life histories.KEY RESULTS: Particular combinations of leaf toughness, trichome density, and phenolic compounds infl uenced herbivore specialization and host species strength, but with a signifi cant spatiotemporal variation among plant life histories. Conversely, plant-herbivore network parameters were not infl uenced by plant cover. CONCLUSIONS:Our study highlights the importance of species-specifi c resistance traits of plants to understand the ecological and evolutionary consequences of plant-herbivore interaction networks. The novelty of our research lies in the use of a trait-based approach to understand the variation observed in diverse plant-herbivore networks.

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“…It was reported that the trichome density is closely related to temperature, light, soil moisture, wounding, and other factors in various plant species (Wellso and Hoxie, 1982;Gianfagna et al, 1992;Pé rez-Estrada et al, 2000;Yoshida et al, 2009). It will be interesting to examine the regulation of trichome production by these exogenous and endogenous cues and their crosstalk with the miR156/SPLs pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Control of Trichome Distribution by MicroRNA156-TargetedSPLGenes inArabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2010

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The production and distribution of plant trichomes is temporally and spatially regulated. After entering into the flowering stage, Arabidopsis thaliana plants have progressively reduced numbers of trichomes on the inflorescence stem, and the floral organs are nearly glabrous. We show here that SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (SPL) genes, which define an endogenous flowering pathway and are targeted by microRNA 156 (miR156), temporally control the trichome distribution during flowering. Plants overexpressing miR156 developed ectopic trichomes on the stem and floral organs. By contrast, plants with elevated levels of SPLs produced fewer trichomes. During plant development, the increase in SPL transcript levels is coordinated with the gradual loss of trichome cells on the stem. The MYB transcription factor genes TRICHOMELESS1 (TCL1) and TRIPTYCHON (TRY) are negative regulators of trichome development. We show that SPL9 directly activates TCL1 and TRY expression through binding to their promoters and that this activation is independent of GLABROUS1 (GL1). The phytohormones cytokinin and gibberellin were reported to induce trichome formation on the stem and inflorescence via the C2H2 transcription factors GIS, GIS2, and ZFP8, which promote GL1 expression. We show that the GIS-dependent pathway does not affect the regulation of TCL1 and TRY by miR156-targeted SPLs, represented by SPL9. These results demonstrate that the miR156-regulated SPLs establish a direct link between developmental programming and trichome distribution.

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Variation in leaf trichomes of Wigandia urens: environmental factors and physiological consequences

Cited by 108 publications

References 9 publications

Modelling Processes Determining and Limiting the Production of Secondary Metabolites During Crop Growth: The Example of the Antimalarial Artemisinin Produced in Artemisia Annua

Modelling Processes Determining and Limiting the Production of Secondary Metabolites During Crop Growth: The Example of the Antimalarial Artemisinin Produced in Artemisia Annua

Influence of plant resistance traits in selectiveness and species strength in a tropical plant‐herbivore network

Temporal Control of Trichome Distribution by MicroRNA156-TargetedSPLGenes inArabidopsis thaliana

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