Variation in motor output and motor performance in a centrally generated motor pattern

Wenning, Angela; Norris, Brian J.; Doloc-Mihu, Anca; Calabrese, Ronald L.

doi:10.1152/jn.00856.2013

Cited by 14 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…2). Constrictions are timed by motor neuron bursts, such that maximal tension is achieved after the middle spike of each burst when motor neuron firing frequency has reached a plateau (usually >10 Hz) [15]. The middle spike of each motor neuron burst is a useful indicator of heart muscle contraction and roughly corresponds to the maximum rate of rise (MRR) of the tension.…”

Section: Leech Heartbeatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The neural control of heartbeat in invertebrates

Calabrese

Norris

Wenning

2016

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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The neurogenic heartbeat of certain invertebrates has long been studied both as a way of understanding how automatic functions are regulated and for how neuronal networks generate the inherent rhythmic activity that controls and coordinates this vital function. This review focuses on the heartbeat of decapod crustaceans and hirudinid leeches, which remain important experimental systems for the exploration of central pattern generator networks, their properties, network and cellular mechanisms, modulation, and how animal-to-animal variation in neuronal and network properties are managed to produce functional output.

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Section: Leech Heartbeatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diamonds mark the middle spike of each motor neuron burst and crosses the maximum rate of rise of heart tension (MRR). After [15]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The neural control of heartbeat in invertebrates

Calabrese

Norris

Wenning

2016

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

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“…Almost perfect temperature compensation is likely the exception, not the rule, and many poikilothermic animals show significant alterations in behavior as ambient temperature fluctuates (Soofi et al, 2014; Tang et al, 2010; Tang et al, 2012). Moreover, because all individuals of the same specie vary in the synaptic strengths and conductance densities found in individual neurons and networks (Goaillard et al, 2009; Golowasch et al, 1999; Lane et al, 2016; Norris et al, 2011; Roffman et al, 2012; Schulz et al, 2006; Schulz et al, 2007; Temporal et al, 2014; Wenning et al, 2014), it is not surprising that the population may show substantial variance in their sensitivity to temperature. In this paper, we use temperature as a perturbation of the activity of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) to ask whether neuromodulation can stabilize network output in response to changes in temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit robustness to temperature perturbation is altered by neuromodulators

Haddad

Marder

2017

Preprint

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SUMMARYIn the ocean, the crab, Cancer borealis, is subject to daily and seasonal temperature changes. Previous work, done in the presence of descending modulatory inputs, had shown that the pyloric rhythm of the crab increases in frequency as temperature increases, but maintains its characteristic phase relationships until it “crashes” at extreme high temperatures. To study the interaction between neuromodulators and temperature perturbations, we studied the effects of temperature on preparations from which the descending modulatory inputs were removed. Under these conditions the pyloric rhythm was destabilized. We then studied the effects of temperature on preparations in the presence of oxotremorine, proctolin, and serotonin. Oxotremorine and proctolin enhanced the robustness of the pyloric rhythm, while serotonin made the rhythm less robust. These experiments reveal considerable animal-to-animal diversity in their crash stability, consistent with the interpretation that cryptic differences in many cell and network parameters are revealed by extreme perturbations.

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“…Nonetheless, when portions of the nervous system that generate aspects of a repetitive behavior are examined in the absence of such influences, cyclic neural activity may be quite robust and repetitive, due to the unmodulated activity of the CPG (Marder and Bucher 2001). As progressively more information about ongoing and previous performance of the behavior is present, the output may become less influenced purely by the CPG (Diehl et al 2013;Wenning et al 2014;Hamood and Marder 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Successful and unsuccessful attempts to swallow in a reduced Aplysia preparation regulate feeding responses and produce memory at different neural sites

2019

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Sensory feedback shapes ongoing behavior and may produce learning and memory. Motor responses to edible or inedible food in a reduced Aplysia preparation were examined to test how sensory feedback affects behavior and memory. Feeding patterns were initiated by applying a cholinomimetic onto the cerebral ganglion. Feedback from buccal muscles increased the response variability and response rate. Repeated application of the cholinomimetic caused decreased responses, expressed in part by lengthening protractions. Swallowing strips of “edible” food, which in intact animals induces learning that enhances ingestion, increased the response rate, and shortened the protraction length, reflecting more swallowing. Testing memory by repeating the procedure prevented the decrease in response rate observed with the cholinomimetic alone, and shortened protractions. Training with “inedible” food that in intact animals produces learning expressed by decreased responses caused lengthened protractions. Testing memory by repeating the procedure did not cause decreased responses or lengthened protractions. After training and testing with edible or inedible food, all preparations were exposed to the cholinomimetic alone. Preparations previously trained with edible food displayed memory expressed as decreased protraction length. Preparations previously trained with inedible food showed decreases in many response parameters. Memory for inedible food may arise in part via a postsynaptic decrease in response to acetylcholine released by afferents sensing food. The lack of change in response number, and in the time that responses are maintained during the two training sessions preceding application of the cholinomimetic alone suggests that memory expression may differ from behavioral changes during training.

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Variation in motor output and motor performance in a centrally generated motor pattern

Abstract: Wenning A, Norris BJ, Doloc-Mihu A, Calabrese RL. Variation in motor output and motor performance in a centrally generated motor pattern.

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

The neural control of heartbeat in invertebrates

The neural control of heartbeat in invertebrates

Circuit robustness to temperature perturbation is altered by neuromodulators

Successful and unsuccessful attempts to swallow in a reduced Aplysia preparation regulate feeding responses and produce memory at different neural sites

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