Variation of P2 series interconnects electrical conductivity in the CIGS solar cells by picosecond laser-induced modification

Gečys, Paulius; Markauskas, Edgaras; Žemaitis, Andrius; Račiukaitis, Gediminas

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2016.03.027

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For P3 processing of CIGS solar cells with a ps laser, it has been shown that scribing both the back contact layer and absorber film can generate conductive phases, such as Mo, at the scribing edges that can connect back and front contact instead of isolation. Scribing only the upper conductive layer seems more efficient due to the lack of Mo exposure on the walls [119]. Better performance for removing only the back contact layer in the P3 scribe has also been confirmed for CZTSe solar cells [44].…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Reactionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Laser Scribing of Photovoltaic Solar Thin Films: A Review

Jamaatisomarin,

Chen,

Hosseini-Zavareh

et al. 2023

JMMP

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The development of thin-film photovoltaics has emerged as a promising solution to the global energy crisis within the field of solar cell technology. However, transitioning from laboratory scale to large-area solar cells requires precise and high-quality scribes to achieve the required voltage and reduce ohmic losses. Laser scribing has shown great potential in preserving efficiency by minimizing the drop in geometrical fill factor, resistive losses, and shunt formation. However, due to the laser induced photothermal effects, various defects can initiate and impact the quality of scribed grooves and weaken the module’s efficiency. In this regard, much research has been conducted to analyze the geometrical fill factor, surface integrity, and electrical performance of the laser scribes to reach higher power conversion efficiencies. This comprehensive review of laser scribing of photovoltaic solar thin films pivots on scribe quality and analyzes the critical factors and challenges affecting the efficiency and reliability of the scribing process. This review also covers the latest developments in using laser systems, parameters, and techniques for patterning various types of solar thin films to identify the optimized laser ablation condition. Furthermore, potential research directions for future investigations at improving the quality and performance of thin film laser scribing are suggested.

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Section: Chemical Composition and Reactionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Laser Scribing of Photovoltaic Solar Thin Films: A Review

Jamaatisomarin,

Chen,

Hosseini-Zavareh

et al. 2023

JMMP

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“…In each cycle, only a small part of the material is removed (from 1 to 2 µm), and depending on the thickness, the process is repeated from 50 to 300 times. Although, it should be taken into account that each laser modification causes local thermal changes in structure related to the thermal nature of laser ablation [24,35]. To observe such changes the authors have chosen microscopic research, because in tomography research, the tested material should not be opaque for light [36][37][38].…”

Section: Laser Shaping Of Photovoltaic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser modification of photovoltaic cells is based on laser ablation of material, and it is associated with the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, which results in a significant heating of the structure, local melting, and evaporation of the substrate. The mentioned phenomena are described by Gecys, Westin, and Pawlak's groups [24][25][26][27]. During laser modification of photovoltaic cells, thermally induced structural local changes [28] or phase transitions to the metallic state [29] could be expected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…During laser modification of photovoltaic cells, thermally induced structural local changes [28] or phase transitions to the metallic state [29] could be expected. This is an undesirable phenomenon, which can lead to significant photovoltaic cell efficiency losses [24]. The nanosecond lasers were not used in photovoltaic cell modification because of the high thermal effects [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency of Laser-Shaped Photovoltaic Cells

et al. 2020

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The main aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of laser shaping of the photovoltaic cell based on its efficiency. The authors described both process of the monocrystalline photovoltaic cell manufacturing, its efficiency, and the possibilities of usage in architecture and the process of creating the photovoltaic cells of unconventional shapes by using laser technology. A method for cutting photovoltaic cells using a fiber laser was presented as well as the parameters of the laser cutting process. The described method allows cutting the massively produced silicon cells according to the predetermined trajectory. Using the proposed process parameters, satisfactory cutting edge quality, and negligible impact of the laser beam on changes in the structure of the photovoltaic cell active layers were achieved. In each cycle of structure cutting, only a small part of the material is removed (from 1 to 2 μm), and depending on the thickness, the process is repeated from 50 to 300 times. It has been shown that the efficiency of the modified cells depends on the ratio of their surface area to the laser cutting line.

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Laser Patterning of Thin Films

Stegemann

Schultz

2019

Digital Encyclopedia of Applied Physics

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Laser‐based patterning of thin films has rapidly revolutionized materials processing over the last years and is increasingly replacing conventional patterning techniques such as photolithography or mechanical patterning. Currently, it is widely used for both fundamental research and practical applications. According to the desired requirements, laser and processing parameters can be specifically selected for selective, precise, reproducible, and nearly damage‐free patterning of single layers and layer stacks of a wide variety of materials. This article summarizes the fundamentals and basic processes of laser ablation and discusses the influence of the essential laser parameters on laser–matter interaction. Moreover, an overview on practical aspects such as different optical setups, process control and approaches for selective layer ablation are given. A variety of current examples for the application of lasers for patterning thin films is introduced with a clear focus on photovoltaic applications. These examples highlight that laser patterning is a versatile, flexible, and reliable technique for processing a wide range of thin‐film materials, which will be increasingly implemented in the future.

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Variation of P2 series interconnects electrical conductivity in the CIGS solar cells by picosecond laser-induced modification

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Laser Scribing of Photovoltaic Solar Thin Films: A Review

Laser Scribing of Photovoltaic Solar Thin Films: A Review

Efficiency of Laser-Shaped Photovoltaic Cells

Laser Patterning of Thin Films

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